Genetic Biomarkers and Their Clinical Implications in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies characterized by abnormal proliferation of immature lymphoid cells. It is the most commonly diagnosed childhood cancer with an almost 80% cure rate. Despite favorable survival rates in the pediatric population, a...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/5/2755 |
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| author | Monika Lejman Aleksandra Chałupnik Zuzanna Chilimoniuk Maciej Dobosz |
| author_facet | Monika Lejman Aleksandra Chałupnik Zuzanna Chilimoniuk Maciej Dobosz |
| author_sort | Monika Lejman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies characterized by abnormal proliferation of immature lymphoid cells. It is the most commonly diagnosed childhood cancer with an almost 80% cure rate. Despite favorable survival rates in the pediatric population, a significant number of patients develop resistance to therapy, resulting in poor prognosis. ALL is a heterogeneous disease at the genetic level, but the intensive development of sequencing in the last decade has made it possible to broaden the study of genomic changes. New technologies allow us to detect molecular changes such as point mutations or to characterize epigenetic or proteomic profiles. This process made it possible to identify new subtypes of this disease characterized by constellations of genetic alterations, including chromosome changes, sequence mutations, and DNA copy number alterations. These genetic abnormalities are used as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers that play an important role in earlier disease detection, more accurate risk stratification, and treatment. Identification of new ALL biomarkers, and thus a greater understanding of their molecular basis, will lead to better monitoring of the course of the disease. In this article, we provide an overview of the latest information on genomic alterations found in childhood ALL and discuss their impact on patients’ clinical outcomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:37:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a4f7bdb365c54ed1b64685cbac617c76 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:37:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a4f7bdb365c54ed1b64685cbac617c762023-11-23T23:09:08ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-03-01235275510.3390/ijms23052755Genetic Biomarkers and Their Clinical Implications in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in ChildrenMonika Lejman0Aleksandra Chałupnik1Zuzanna Chilimoniuk2Maciej Dobosz3Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, PolandStudent Scientific Society, Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, PolandStudent Scientific Society, Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, PolandStudent Scientific Society, Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, PolandAcute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies characterized by abnormal proliferation of immature lymphoid cells. It is the most commonly diagnosed childhood cancer with an almost 80% cure rate. Despite favorable survival rates in the pediatric population, a significant number of patients develop resistance to therapy, resulting in poor prognosis. ALL is a heterogeneous disease at the genetic level, but the intensive development of sequencing in the last decade has made it possible to broaden the study of genomic changes. New technologies allow us to detect molecular changes such as point mutations or to characterize epigenetic or proteomic profiles. This process made it possible to identify new subtypes of this disease characterized by constellations of genetic alterations, including chromosome changes, sequence mutations, and DNA copy number alterations. These genetic abnormalities are used as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers that play an important role in earlier disease detection, more accurate risk stratification, and treatment. Identification of new ALL biomarkers, and thus a greater understanding of their molecular basis, will lead to better monitoring of the course of the disease. In this article, we provide an overview of the latest information on genomic alterations found in childhood ALL and discuss their impact on patients’ clinical outcomes.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/5/2755childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemiaALLB-ALLT-ALLbiomarkers |
| spellingShingle | Monika Lejman Aleksandra Chałupnik Zuzanna Chilimoniuk Maciej Dobosz Genetic Biomarkers and Their Clinical Implications in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children International Journal of Molecular Sciences childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia ALL B-ALL T-ALL biomarkers |
| title | Genetic Biomarkers and Their Clinical Implications in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children |
| title_full | Genetic Biomarkers and Their Clinical Implications in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children |
| title_fullStr | Genetic Biomarkers and Their Clinical Implications in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic Biomarkers and Their Clinical Implications in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children |
| title_short | Genetic Biomarkers and Their Clinical Implications in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children |
| title_sort | genetic biomarkers and their clinical implications in b cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children |
| topic | childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia ALL B-ALL T-ALL biomarkers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/5/2755 |
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