The Cytoprotective, Cytotoxic and Nonprotective Functional Forms of Autophagy Induced by Microtubule Poisons in Tumor Cells—Implications for Autophagy Modulation as a Therapeutic Strategy
Microtubule poisons, as is the case with other antitumor drugs, routinely promote autophagy in tumor cells. However, the nature and function of the autophagy, in terms of whether it is cytoprotective, cytotoxic or nonprotective, cannot be predicted; this likely depends on both the type of drug studi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/7/1632 |
| _version_ | 1797433834426335232 |
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| author | Jingwen Xu Ahmed M. Elshazly David A. Gewirtz |
| author_facet | Jingwen Xu Ahmed M. Elshazly David A. Gewirtz |
| author_sort | Jingwen Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Microtubule poisons, as is the case with other antitumor drugs, routinely promote autophagy in tumor cells. However, the nature and function of the autophagy, in terms of whether it is cytoprotective, cytotoxic or nonprotective, cannot be predicted; this likely depends on both the type of drug studied as well as the tumor cell under investigation. In this article, we explore the literature relating to the spectrum of microtubule poisons and the nature of the autophagy induced. We further speculate as to whether autophagy inhibition could be a practical strategy for improving the response to cancer therapy involving these drugs that have microtubule function as a primary target. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:22:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a4fb1390db4b42869cf87aad38745c3f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:22:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-a4fb1390db4b42869cf87aad38745c3f2023-12-01T21:56:07ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592022-07-01107163210.3390/biomedicines10071632The Cytoprotective, Cytotoxic and Nonprotective Functional Forms of Autophagy Induced by Microtubule Poisons in Tumor Cells—Implications for Autophagy Modulation as a Therapeutic StrategyJingwen Xu0Ahmed M. Elshazly1David A. Gewirtz2School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaMassey Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 College St., Richmond, VA 23298, USAMassey Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 College St., Richmond, VA 23298, USAMicrotubule poisons, as is the case with other antitumor drugs, routinely promote autophagy in tumor cells. However, the nature and function of the autophagy, in terms of whether it is cytoprotective, cytotoxic or nonprotective, cannot be predicted; this likely depends on both the type of drug studied as well as the tumor cell under investigation. In this article, we explore the literature relating to the spectrum of microtubule poisons and the nature of the autophagy induced. We further speculate as to whether autophagy inhibition could be a practical strategy for improving the response to cancer therapy involving these drugs that have microtubule function as a primary target.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/7/1632autophagymicrotubule poisoncytoprotectivecytotoxicnonprotectivechemosensitization |
| spellingShingle | Jingwen Xu Ahmed M. Elshazly David A. Gewirtz The Cytoprotective, Cytotoxic and Nonprotective Functional Forms of Autophagy Induced by Microtubule Poisons in Tumor Cells—Implications for Autophagy Modulation as a Therapeutic Strategy Biomedicines autophagy microtubule poison cytoprotective cytotoxic nonprotective chemosensitization |
| title | The Cytoprotective, Cytotoxic and Nonprotective Functional Forms of Autophagy Induced by Microtubule Poisons in Tumor Cells—Implications for Autophagy Modulation as a Therapeutic Strategy |
| title_full | The Cytoprotective, Cytotoxic and Nonprotective Functional Forms of Autophagy Induced by Microtubule Poisons in Tumor Cells—Implications for Autophagy Modulation as a Therapeutic Strategy |
| title_fullStr | The Cytoprotective, Cytotoxic and Nonprotective Functional Forms of Autophagy Induced by Microtubule Poisons in Tumor Cells—Implications for Autophagy Modulation as a Therapeutic Strategy |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Cytoprotective, Cytotoxic and Nonprotective Functional Forms of Autophagy Induced by Microtubule Poisons in Tumor Cells—Implications for Autophagy Modulation as a Therapeutic Strategy |
| title_short | The Cytoprotective, Cytotoxic and Nonprotective Functional Forms of Autophagy Induced by Microtubule Poisons in Tumor Cells—Implications for Autophagy Modulation as a Therapeutic Strategy |
| title_sort | cytoprotective cytotoxic and nonprotective functional forms of autophagy induced by microtubule poisons in tumor cells implications for autophagy modulation as a therapeutic strategy |
| topic | autophagy microtubule poison cytoprotective cytotoxic nonprotective chemosensitization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/7/1632 |
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