Complex sympathetic arousal during negative emotional stress
Introduction The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a key role in maintenance of the homeostasis and adaptability of the body to different stimuli. The disturbances of ANS, especially sympathetic dysregulation in stress response, are associated with various disorders. Objectives Thus, we aimed...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge University Press
2021-04-01
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| Series: | European Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933821012992/type/journal_article |
| Summary: | Introduction
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a key role in maintenance of the homeostasis and adaptability of the body to different stimuli. The disturbances of ANS, especially sympathetic dysregulation in stress response, are associated with various disorders.
Objectives
Thus, we aimed to study the sympathetic arousal in response to negative emotional stress and during recovery using heart rate variability (HRV) nonlinear analysis (symbolic dynamics parameter 0V%) and skin conductance level (SCL) as sympathetically-mediated indices in healthy students.
Methods
Seventy students (age: 23.1±0.2yr., 39 females) were examined during complex stress response: baseline – negative emotional stress – recovery. RR intervals (for HRV analysis) and electrodermal activity were continuously recorded during each period lasting six minutes. Evaluated parameters: HRV nonlinear analysis - symbolic dynamics index 0V% as cardiac sympathetic index, skin conductance level (SCL) as sympathetic cholinergic index.
Results
Regarding electrodermal activity, the parameter SCL significantly increased in response to negative emotional stress (p<0.001) and remained higher after stress (recovery phase, p<0.001). Symbolic dynamics index 0V% was without significant changes.
Conclusions
Our findings revealed increased sympathetically-mediated index SCL in response to negative emotional stress and in recovery phase indicating higher sympathetic arousal during complex stress response in young people. Surprisingly, cardiac sympathetic index 0V% was not sensitive to detect discrete changes in sympathetic arousal to negative emotion. We suggest that detailed knowledge about complex sympathetic regulatory mechanisms to emotional stress in healthy probands represents the first step for understanding of pathomechanisms leading to abnormal stress response in mental disorders.
Conflict of interest
This study was funded by the Slovak Scientific Grant Agency under grants VEGA 1/0044/18; VEGA 1/0190/20 and Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic under the project registration number 2018/20-UKMT-16.
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| ISSN: | 0924-9338 1778-3585 |