Sources and Sectoral Trend Analysis of CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Data in Nigeria Using a Modified Mann-Kendall and Change Point Detection Approaches
In Nigeria, the high dependence on fossil fuels for energy generation and utilization in various sectors of the economy has resulted in the emission of a large quantity of carbon dioxide (CO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/3/766 |
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| author | Ogundele Lasun Tunde Okunlola Oluyemi Adewole Mohannad Alobid István Szűcs Yacouba Kassouri |
| author_facet | Ogundele Lasun Tunde Okunlola Oluyemi Adewole Mohannad Alobid István Szűcs Yacouba Kassouri |
| author_sort | Ogundele Lasun Tunde |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In Nigeria, the high dependence on fossil fuels for energy generation and utilization in various sectors of the economy has resulted in the emission of a large quantity of carbon dioxide (CO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>), which is one of the criteria gaseous pollutants that is frequently encountered in the environment. The high quantity of CO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> has adverse implications on human health and serious damaging effects on the environment. In this study, multi-decade (1971–2014) CO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>-emissions data for Nigeria were obtained from the World Development Indicator (WDI). The data were disaggregated into various emission sources: gaseous fuel consumption (GFC), liquid fuel consumption (LFC), solid fuel consumption (SFC), transport (TRA), electricity and heat production (EHP), residential buildings and commercial and public services (RSCPS), manufacturing industries and construction (MINC), and other sectors excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services (OSEC). The analysis was conducted for a sectorial trend using a rank-based non-parametric modified Mann–Kendall (MK) statistical approach and a change point detection method. The results showed that the CO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> emissions from TRA were significantly high, followed by LFC. The GFC, LFC, EHP, and OSEC had a positive Sen’s slope, while SFC, TRA, and MINC had a negative Sen’s slope. The trend analysis indicated multiple changes for TRA and OSEC, while other sources had a change point at a particular year. These results are useful for knowledge of CO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>-emission sources in Nigeria and for future understanding of the trend of its emission for proper environmental planning. The severe effects of CO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> on the atmospheric environment of Nigeria may be worsened in the future due to some major sources such as transportation services and electricity generation that are inevitable for enviable standard of living in an urban setting. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:59:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a4fd8c41f7cd4422ad131422d118f650 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:59:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-a4fd8c41f7cd4422ad131422d118f6502023-11-23T16:19:38ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-01-0115376610.3390/en15030766Sources and Sectoral Trend Analysis of CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Data in Nigeria Using a Modified Mann-Kendall and Change Point Detection ApproachesOgundele Lasun Tunde0Okunlola Oluyemi Adewole1Mohannad Alobid2István Szűcs3Yacouba Kassouri4Department of Physics, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo 351104, NigeriaDepartment of Mathematical and Computer Science, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo 351104, NigeriaFaculty of Economics and Business, Institute of Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, HungaryFaculty of Economics and Business, Institute of Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, HungaryDepartment of Economics and Finance, Nisantasi University, Istanbul 25370, TurkeyIn Nigeria, the high dependence on fossil fuels for energy generation and utilization in various sectors of the economy has resulted in the emission of a large quantity of carbon dioxide (CO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>), which is one of the criteria gaseous pollutants that is frequently encountered in the environment. The high quantity of CO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> has adverse implications on human health and serious damaging effects on the environment. In this study, multi-decade (1971–2014) CO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>-emissions data for Nigeria were obtained from the World Development Indicator (WDI). The data were disaggregated into various emission sources: gaseous fuel consumption (GFC), liquid fuel consumption (LFC), solid fuel consumption (SFC), transport (TRA), electricity and heat production (EHP), residential buildings and commercial and public services (RSCPS), manufacturing industries and construction (MINC), and other sectors excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services (OSEC). The analysis was conducted for a sectorial trend using a rank-based non-parametric modified Mann–Kendall (MK) statistical approach and a change point detection method. The results showed that the CO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> emissions from TRA were significantly high, followed by LFC. The GFC, LFC, EHP, and OSEC had a positive Sen’s slope, while SFC, TRA, and MINC had a negative Sen’s slope. The trend analysis indicated multiple changes for TRA and OSEC, while other sources had a change point at a particular year. These results are useful for knowledge of CO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>-emission sources in Nigeria and for future understanding of the trend of its emission for proper environmental planning. The severe effects of CO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> on the atmospheric environment of Nigeria may be worsened in the future due to some major sources such as transportation services and electricity generation that are inevitable for enviable standard of living in an urban setting.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/3/766CO<sub>2</sub>emission sourcesWDI datatrend analysisMann-Kendall |
| spellingShingle | Ogundele Lasun Tunde Okunlola Oluyemi Adewole Mohannad Alobid István Szűcs Yacouba Kassouri Sources and Sectoral Trend Analysis of CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Data in Nigeria Using a Modified Mann-Kendall and Change Point Detection Approaches Energies CO<sub>2</sub> emission sources WDI data trend analysis Mann-Kendall |
| title | Sources and Sectoral Trend Analysis of CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Data in Nigeria Using a Modified Mann-Kendall and Change Point Detection Approaches |
| title_full | Sources and Sectoral Trend Analysis of CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Data in Nigeria Using a Modified Mann-Kendall and Change Point Detection Approaches |
| title_fullStr | Sources and Sectoral Trend Analysis of CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Data in Nigeria Using a Modified Mann-Kendall and Change Point Detection Approaches |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sources and Sectoral Trend Analysis of CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Data in Nigeria Using a Modified Mann-Kendall and Change Point Detection Approaches |
| title_short | Sources and Sectoral Trend Analysis of CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Data in Nigeria Using a Modified Mann-Kendall and Change Point Detection Approaches |
| title_sort | sources and sectoral trend analysis of co sub 2 sub emissions data in nigeria using a modified mann kendall and change point detection approaches |
| topic | CO<sub>2</sub> emission sources WDI data trend analysis Mann-Kendall |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/3/766 |
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