Burden of autism spectrum disorders in North Africa and Middle East from 1990 to 2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Abstract Introduction Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) encompass a range of neurodevelopmental disorders that affect the patient's communication and behavior. There are some reports about the increasing prevalence of ASD in recent decades, mostly due to the improvement in diagnosis and screening...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | Brain and Behavior |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.3067 |
| _version_ | 1827902856753053696 |
|---|---|
| author | Sepideh Ebrahimi Meimand Zahra Amiri Parnian Shobeiri Mohammad‐Reza Malekpour Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam Ali Ghanbari Yeganeh Sharifnejad Tehrani Zahra Shokri Varniab Ashkan Pourabhari Langroudi Hanye Sohrabi Elmira Foroutan Mehr Negar Rezaei Maziar Moradi‐Lakeh Ali H. Mokdad Bagher Larijani |
| author_facet | Sepideh Ebrahimi Meimand Zahra Amiri Parnian Shobeiri Mohammad‐Reza Malekpour Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam Ali Ghanbari Yeganeh Sharifnejad Tehrani Zahra Shokri Varniab Ashkan Pourabhari Langroudi Hanye Sohrabi Elmira Foroutan Mehr Negar Rezaei Maziar Moradi‐Lakeh Ali H. Mokdad Bagher Larijani |
| author_sort | Sepideh Ebrahimi Meimand |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Introduction Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) encompass a range of neurodevelopmental disorders that affect the patient's communication and behavior. There are some reports about the increasing prevalence of ASD in recent decades, mostly due to the improvement in diagnosis and screening status. Few studies suggested a lower prevalence of ASD in North Africa and Middle East compared to more developed regions. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive outlook of ASD in the region. Methods We used Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data from 1990 to 2019 in North Africa and Middle East, which is one of the seven super regions of the GBD categorization. In this study, we reported the epidemiologic indices, including prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for ASD in the 21 countries of the super region. We also compared these indices between the countries based on their sociodemographic index (SDI) which was calculated according to income per capita, mean education, and fertility rate. Results Age‐standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) of ASD in the region is 304.4 (95% uncertainty interval 251.2–366.1) per 100,000 in 2019 with less than one percentage change since 1990. Age‐standardized YLDs and incidence rates were 46.4 (30.4–67.5) and 7.7 (6.3–9.3) per 100,000 in 2019. The ASPR was 2.9 times greater in males compared to females in 2019. The highest age‐standardized prevalence, incidence, and YLD rates among the countries were seen in Iran in 2019 (370.3, 9.3, and 56.4 per 100,000, respectively). High SDI countries had higher age‐standardized YLDs rates compared to the other countries of the region. Conclusion In conclusion, the trends of age‐standardized epidemiologic indices remained approximately steady through the years 1990–2019 in the region. Though, there was a wide discrepancy between the countries of the region. The difference of YLDs among the countries of this region is related to the SDI of the countries. Monetary and public awareness status are the SDI factors that may affect the quality of life of ASD patients in the region. This study provides valuable information for governments and health systems to implement policies for maintaining the improving trend, achieving more timely diagnosis, and bettering the supportive actions in this region. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T00:05:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a5054c7f48884a6da35f22bcfab86389 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2162-3279 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T00:05:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain and Behavior |
| spelling | doaj.art-a5054c7f48884a6da35f22bcfab863892023-07-13T04:43:15ZengWileyBrain and Behavior2162-32792023-07-01137n/an/a10.1002/brb3.3067Burden of autism spectrum disorders in North Africa and Middle East from 1990 to 2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019Sepideh Ebrahimi Meimand0Zahra Amiri1Parnian Shobeiri2Mohammad‐Reza Malekpour3Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam4Ali Ghanbari5Yeganeh Sharifnejad Tehrani6Zahra Shokri Varniab7Ashkan Pourabhari Langroudi8Hanye Sohrabi9Elmira Foroutan Mehr10Negar Rezaei11Maziar Moradi‐Lakeh12Ali H. Mokdad13Bagher Larijani14Non‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran IranNon‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran IranNon‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran IranNon‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran IranNon‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran IranNon‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran IranNon‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran IranNon‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran IranNon‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran IranNon‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran IranNon‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran IranNon‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran IranPreventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran IranInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington Seattle Washington United StatesDepartment of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle Washington United StatesAbstract Introduction Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) encompass a range of neurodevelopmental disorders that affect the patient's communication and behavior. There are some reports about the increasing prevalence of ASD in recent decades, mostly due to the improvement in diagnosis and screening status. Few studies suggested a lower prevalence of ASD in North Africa and Middle East compared to more developed regions. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive outlook of ASD in the region. Methods We used Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data from 1990 to 2019 in North Africa and Middle East, which is one of the seven super regions of the GBD categorization. In this study, we reported the epidemiologic indices, including prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for ASD in the 21 countries of the super region. We also compared these indices between the countries based on their sociodemographic index (SDI) which was calculated according to income per capita, mean education, and fertility rate. Results Age‐standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) of ASD in the region is 304.4 (95% uncertainty interval 251.2–366.1) per 100,000 in 2019 with less than one percentage change since 1990. Age‐standardized YLDs and incidence rates were 46.4 (30.4–67.5) and 7.7 (6.3–9.3) per 100,000 in 2019. The ASPR was 2.9 times greater in males compared to females in 2019. The highest age‐standardized prevalence, incidence, and YLD rates among the countries were seen in Iran in 2019 (370.3, 9.3, and 56.4 per 100,000, respectively). High SDI countries had higher age‐standardized YLDs rates compared to the other countries of the region. Conclusion In conclusion, the trends of age‐standardized epidemiologic indices remained approximately steady through the years 1990–2019 in the region. Though, there was a wide discrepancy between the countries of the region. The difference of YLDs among the countries of this region is related to the SDI of the countries. Monetary and public awareness status are the SDI factors that may affect the quality of life of ASD patients in the region. This study provides valuable information for governments and health systems to implement policies for maintaining the improving trend, achieving more timely diagnosis, and bettering the supportive actions in this region.https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.3067developmental delaydevelopmental disabilitydisability‐adjusted life yearsepidemiology |
| spellingShingle | Sepideh Ebrahimi Meimand Zahra Amiri Parnian Shobeiri Mohammad‐Reza Malekpour Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam Ali Ghanbari Yeganeh Sharifnejad Tehrani Zahra Shokri Varniab Ashkan Pourabhari Langroudi Hanye Sohrabi Elmira Foroutan Mehr Negar Rezaei Maziar Moradi‐Lakeh Ali H. Mokdad Bagher Larijani Burden of autism spectrum disorders in North Africa and Middle East from 1990 to 2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 Brain and Behavior developmental delay developmental disability disability‐adjusted life years epidemiology |
| title | Burden of autism spectrum disorders in North Africa and Middle East from 1990 to 2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 |
| title_full | Burden of autism spectrum disorders in North Africa and Middle East from 1990 to 2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 |
| title_fullStr | Burden of autism spectrum disorders in North Africa and Middle East from 1990 to 2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Burden of autism spectrum disorders in North Africa and Middle East from 1990 to 2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 |
| title_short | Burden of autism spectrum disorders in North Africa and Middle East from 1990 to 2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 |
| title_sort | burden of autism spectrum disorders in north africa and middle east from 1990 to 2019 a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019 |
| topic | developmental delay developmental disability disability‐adjusted life years epidemiology |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.3067 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sepidehebrahimimeimand burdenofautismspectrumdisordersinnorthafricaandmiddleeastfrom1990to2019asystematicanalysisfortheglobalburdenofdiseasestudy2019 AT zahraamiri burdenofautismspectrumdisordersinnorthafricaandmiddleeastfrom1990to2019asystematicanalysisfortheglobalburdenofdiseasestudy2019 AT parnianshobeiri burdenofautismspectrumdisordersinnorthafricaandmiddleeastfrom1990to2019asystematicanalysisfortheglobalburdenofdiseasestudy2019 AT mohammadrezamalekpour burdenofautismspectrumdisordersinnorthafricaandmiddleeastfrom1990to2019asystematicanalysisfortheglobalburdenofdiseasestudy2019 AT saharsaeedimoghaddam burdenofautismspectrumdisordersinnorthafricaandmiddleeastfrom1990to2019asystematicanalysisfortheglobalburdenofdiseasestudy2019 AT alighanbari burdenofautismspectrumdisordersinnorthafricaandmiddleeastfrom1990to2019asystematicanalysisfortheglobalburdenofdiseasestudy2019 AT yeganehsharifnejadtehrani burdenofautismspectrumdisordersinnorthafricaandmiddleeastfrom1990to2019asystematicanalysisfortheglobalburdenofdiseasestudy2019 AT zahrashokrivarniab burdenofautismspectrumdisordersinnorthafricaandmiddleeastfrom1990to2019asystematicanalysisfortheglobalburdenofdiseasestudy2019 AT ashkanpourabharilangroudi burdenofautismspectrumdisordersinnorthafricaandmiddleeastfrom1990to2019asystematicanalysisfortheglobalburdenofdiseasestudy2019 AT hanyesohrabi burdenofautismspectrumdisordersinnorthafricaandmiddleeastfrom1990to2019asystematicanalysisfortheglobalburdenofdiseasestudy2019 AT elmiraforoutanmehr burdenofautismspectrumdisordersinnorthafricaandmiddleeastfrom1990to2019asystematicanalysisfortheglobalburdenofdiseasestudy2019 AT negarrezaei burdenofautismspectrumdisordersinnorthafricaandmiddleeastfrom1990to2019asystematicanalysisfortheglobalburdenofdiseasestudy2019 AT maziarmoradilakeh burdenofautismspectrumdisordersinnorthafricaandmiddleeastfrom1990to2019asystematicanalysisfortheglobalburdenofdiseasestudy2019 AT alihmokdad burdenofautismspectrumdisordersinnorthafricaandmiddleeastfrom1990to2019asystematicanalysisfortheglobalburdenofdiseasestudy2019 AT bagherlarijani burdenofautismspectrumdisordersinnorthafricaandmiddleeastfrom1990to2019asystematicanalysisfortheglobalburdenofdiseasestudy2019 |