Realization of sextuple polarization states and interstate switching in antiferroelectric CuInP2S6

Abstract Realization of higher-order multistates with mutual interstate switching in ferroelectric materials is a perpetual drive for high-density storage devices and beyond-Moore technologies. Here we demonstrate experimentally that antiferroelectric van der Waals CuInP2S6 films can be controllably...

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Main Authors: Tao Li, Yongyi Wu, Guoliang Yu, Shengxian Li, Yifeng Ren, Yadong Liu, Jiarui Liu, Hao Feng, Yu Deng, Mingxing Chen, Zhenyu Zhang, Tai Min
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-03-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46891-8
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author Tao Li
Yongyi Wu
Guoliang Yu
Shengxian Li
Yifeng Ren
Yadong Liu
Jiarui Liu
Hao Feng
Yu Deng
Mingxing Chen
Zhenyu Zhang
Tai Min
author_facet Tao Li
Yongyi Wu
Guoliang Yu
Shengxian Li
Yifeng Ren
Yadong Liu
Jiarui Liu
Hao Feng
Yu Deng
Mingxing Chen
Zhenyu Zhang
Tai Min
author_sort Tao Li
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Realization of higher-order multistates with mutual interstate switching in ferroelectric materials is a perpetual drive for high-density storage devices and beyond-Moore technologies. Here we demonstrate experimentally that antiferroelectric van der Waals CuInP2S6 films can be controllably stabilized into double, quadruple, and sextuple polarization states, and a system harboring polarization order of six is also reversibly tunable into order of four or two. Furthermore, for a given polarization order, mutual interstate switching can be achieved via moderate electric field modulation. First-principles studies of CuInP2S6 multilayers help to reveal that the double, quadruple, and sextuple states are attributable to the existence of respective single, double, and triple ferroelectric domains with antiferroelectric interdomain coupling and Cu ion migration. These findings offer appealing platforms for developing multistate ferroelectric devices, while the underlining mechanism is transformative to other non-volatile material systems.
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spelling doaj.art-a51ac845f7604145ba4be7fcb84de79f2024-03-31T11:25:14ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232024-03-011511910.1038/s41467-024-46891-8Realization of sextuple polarization states and interstate switching in antiferroelectric CuInP2S6Tao Li0Yongyi Wu1Guoliang Yu2Shengxian Li3Yifeng Ren4Yadong Liu5Jiarui Liu6Hao Feng7Yu Deng8Mingxing Chen9Zhenyu Zhang10Tai Min11Centre for Spintronics and Quantum Systems, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityCentre for Spintronics and Quantum Systems, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityKey Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Synergetic Innovation Centre for Quantum Effects and Applications (SICQEA), School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Normal UniversityKey Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Synergetic Innovation Centre for Quantum Effects and Applications (SICQEA), School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Normal UniversitySolid State Microstructure National Key Lab and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing UniversityCentre for Spintronics and Quantum Systems, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityCentre for Spintronics and Quantum Systems, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityCentre for Spintronics and Quantum Systems, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversitySolid State Microstructure National Key Lab and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing UniversityKey Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Synergetic Innovation Centre for Quantum Effects and Applications (SICQEA), School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Normal UniversityInternational Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD) and Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of ChinaCentre for Spintronics and Quantum Systems, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityAbstract Realization of higher-order multistates with mutual interstate switching in ferroelectric materials is a perpetual drive for high-density storage devices and beyond-Moore technologies. Here we demonstrate experimentally that antiferroelectric van der Waals CuInP2S6 films can be controllably stabilized into double, quadruple, and sextuple polarization states, and a system harboring polarization order of six is also reversibly tunable into order of four or two. Furthermore, for a given polarization order, mutual interstate switching can be achieved via moderate electric field modulation. First-principles studies of CuInP2S6 multilayers help to reveal that the double, quadruple, and sextuple states are attributable to the existence of respective single, double, and triple ferroelectric domains with antiferroelectric interdomain coupling and Cu ion migration. These findings offer appealing platforms for developing multistate ferroelectric devices, while the underlining mechanism is transformative to other non-volatile material systems.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46891-8
spellingShingle Tao Li
Yongyi Wu
Guoliang Yu
Shengxian Li
Yifeng Ren
Yadong Liu
Jiarui Liu
Hao Feng
Yu Deng
Mingxing Chen
Zhenyu Zhang
Tai Min
Realization of sextuple polarization states and interstate switching in antiferroelectric CuInP2S6
Nature Communications
title Realization of sextuple polarization states and interstate switching in antiferroelectric CuInP2S6
title_full Realization of sextuple polarization states and interstate switching in antiferroelectric CuInP2S6
title_fullStr Realization of sextuple polarization states and interstate switching in antiferroelectric CuInP2S6
title_full_unstemmed Realization of sextuple polarization states and interstate switching in antiferroelectric CuInP2S6
title_short Realization of sextuple polarization states and interstate switching in antiferroelectric CuInP2S6
title_sort realization of sextuple polarization states and interstate switching in antiferroelectric cuinp2s6
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46891-8
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