Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Peel, Pulp and Seed Extracts of Different Clones of the Turkish Grape Cultivar ‘Karaerik’
The Erzincan plain is one of the richest regions in Turkey in terms of plant biodiversity. In this region, the famous grape cultivar ‘Karaerik’ has always dominated grape production due to its berry characteristics. The cultivar shows great morphological variation at clonal level. In this study, the...
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| التنسيق: | مقال |
| اللغة: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| سلاسل: | Plants |
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| الوصول للمادة أونلاين: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/10/2154 |
| _version_ | 1827678759102185472 |
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| author | Muhammed Kupe Neva Karatas Mehmet Settar Unal Sezai Ercisli Mojmir Baron Jiri Sochor |
| author_facet | Muhammed Kupe Neva Karatas Mehmet Settar Unal Sezai Ercisli Mojmir Baron Jiri Sochor |
| author_sort | Muhammed Kupe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Erzincan plain is one of the richest regions in Turkey in terms of plant biodiversity. In this region, the famous grape cultivar ‘Karaerik’ has always dominated grape production due to its berry characteristics. The cultivar shows great morphological variation at clonal level. In this study, the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of peel, pulp and seed extracts of nine ‘Karaerik’ clones sampled from same location were investigated. The Folin–Ciocalteu method was used to determine the total phenolic content of peel, pulp and seed extracts of nine clones. To determine antioxidant activity, three well known assays such as DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate), FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) and TEAC (Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity) were used. In addition, the correlation between total phenol content and DPPH, FRAP and TEAC was determined. Results showed that among the tissues, seed samples in berries of all clones had the highest total phenol content and antioxidant activity determined by three assays. Seed samples were followed by peel and pulp for total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Among the nine ‘Karaerik’ clones, Clone 8 had the highest total phenolic content (149 mg GAE/100 g FW) while Clone 3 had the lowest (111 mg GAE/100 g FW). Peel, pulp and seed samples of nine ‘Karaerik’ clones showed strong antioxidant activity in DPPH, FRAP and TEAC assays. In particular, grape seeds were found rich for better in phenolic compounds including gallic acid, quercetin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and <i>p</i>-coumaric acid. Clones such as 7, 8 and 9 higher antioxidant activity may present great potential for grape breeders and the food industry as well as health-conscious consumers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:15:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a51ea4b25f614929a8cc8f823cffdf79 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:15:28Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-a51ea4b25f614929a8cc8f823cffdf792023-11-22T19:44:46ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-10-011010215410.3390/plants10102154Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Peel, Pulp and Seed Extracts of Different Clones of the Turkish Grape Cultivar ‘Karaerik’Muhammed Kupe0Neva Karatas1Mehmet Settar Unal2Sezai Ercisli3Mojmir Baron4Jiri Sochor5Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, TurkeyDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, TurkeyDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Sirnak University, Sirnak 73000, TurkeyDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, TurkeyDepartment of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 337, 691 44 Lednice, Czech RepublicDepartment of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 337, 691 44 Lednice, Czech RepublicThe Erzincan plain is one of the richest regions in Turkey in terms of plant biodiversity. In this region, the famous grape cultivar ‘Karaerik’ has always dominated grape production due to its berry characteristics. The cultivar shows great morphological variation at clonal level. In this study, the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of peel, pulp and seed extracts of nine ‘Karaerik’ clones sampled from same location were investigated. The Folin–Ciocalteu method was used to determine the total phenolic content of peel, pulp and seed extracts of nine clones. To determine antioxidant activity, three well known assays such as DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate), FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) and TEAC (Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity) were used. In addition, the correlation between total phenol content and DPPH, FRAP and TEAC was determined. Results showed that among the tissues, seed samples in berries of all clones had the highest total phenol content and antioxidant activity determined by three assays. Seed samples were followed by peel and pulp for total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Among the nine ‘Karaerik’ clones, Clone 8 had the highest total phenolic content (149 mg GAE/100 g FW) while Clone 3 had the lowest (111 mg GAE/100 g FW). Peel, pulp and seed samples of nine ‘Karaerik’ clones showed strong antioxidant activity in DPPH, FRAP and TEAC assays. In particular, grape seeds were found rich for better in phenolic compounds including gallic acid, quercetin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and <i>p</i>-coumaric acid. Clones such as 7, 8 and 9 higher antioxidant activity may present great potential for grape breeders and the food industry as well as health-conscious consumers.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/10/2154grapeantioxidant activitypeelpulpseed |
| spellingShingle | Muhammed Kupe Neva Karatas Mehmet Settar Unal Sezai Ercisli Mojmir Baron Jiri Sochor Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Peel, Pulp and Seed Extracts of Different Clones of the Turkish Grape Cultivar ‘Karaerik’ Plants grape antioxidant activity peel pulp seed |
| title | Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Peel, Pulp and Seed Extracts of Different Clones of the Turkish Grape Cultivar ‘Karaerik’ |
| title_full | Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Peel, Pulp and Seed Extracts of Different Clones of the Turkish Grape Cultivar ‘Karaerik’ |
| title_fullStr | Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Peel, Pulp and Seed Extracts of Different Clones of the Turkish Grape Cultivar ‘Karaerik’ |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Peel, Pulp and Seed Extracts of Different Clones of the Turkish Grape Cultivar ‘Karaerik’ |
| title_short | Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Peel, Pulp and Seed Extracts of Different Clones of the Turkish Grape Cultivar ‘Karaerik’ |
| title_sort | phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of peel pulp and seed extracts of different clones of the turkish grape cultivar karaerik |
| topic | grape antioxidant activity peel pulp seed |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/10/2154 |
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