Early Steps towards Hearing: Placodes and Sensory Development
Sensorineural hearing loss is the most prevalent sensory deficit in humans. Most cases of hearing loss are due to the degeneration of key structures of the sensory pathway in the cochlea, such as the sensory hair cells, the primary auditory neurons, and their synaptic connection to the hair cells. D...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/8/6994 |
| _version_ | 1797605172582547456 |
|---|---|
| author | Azel Zine Bernd Fritzsch |
| author_facet | Azel Zine Bernd Fritzsch |
| author_sort | Azel Zine |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sensorineural hearing loss is the most prevalent sensory deficit in humans. Most cases of hearing loss are due to the degeneration of key structures of the sensory pathway in the cochlea, such as the sensory hair cells, the primary auditory neurons, and their synaptic connection to the hair cells. Different cell-based strategies to replace damaged inner ear neurosensory tissue aiming at the restoration of regeneration or functional recovery are currently the subject of intensive research. Most of these cell-based treatment approaches require experimental in vitro models that rely on a fine understanding of the earliest morphogenetic steps that underlie the in vivo development of the inner ear since its initial induction from a common otic–epibranchial territory. This knowledge will be applied to various proposed experimental cell replacement strategies to either address the feasibility or identify novel therapeutic options for sensorineural hearing loss. In this review, we describe how ear and epibranchial placode development can be recapitulated by focusing on the cellular transformations that occur as the inner ear is converted from a thickening of the surface ectoderm next to the hindbrain known as the otic placode to an otocyst embedded in the head mesenchyme. Finally, we will highlight otic and epibranchial placode development and morphogenetic events towards progenitors of the inner ear and their neurosensory cell derivatives. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:57:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a533a620dc854fdea5283631d81a9376 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:57:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a533a620dc854fdea5283631d81a93762023-11-17T19:33:34ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-04-01248699410.3390/ijms24086994Early Steps towards Hearing: Placodes and Sensory DevelopmentAzel Zine0Bernd Fritzsch1LBN, Laboratory of Bioengineering and Nanoscience, University of Montpellier, 34193 Montpellier, FranceDepartment of Biology, CLAS, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USASensorineural hearing loss is the most prevalent sensory deficit in humans. Most cases of hearing loss are due to the degeneration of key structures of the sensory pathway in the cochlea, such as the sensory hair cells, the primary auditory neurons, and their synaptic connection to the hair cells. Different cell-based strategies to replace damaged inner ear neurosensory tissue aiming at the restoration of regeneration or functional recovery are currently the subject of intensive research. Most of these cell-based treatment approaches require experimental in vitro models that rely on a fine understanding of the earliest morphogenetic steps that underlie the in vivo development of the inner ear since its initial induction from a common otic–epibranchial territory. This knowledge will be applied to various proposed experimental cell replacement strategies to either address the feasibility or identify novel therapeutic options for sensorineural hearing loss. In this review, we describe how ear and epibranchial placode development can be recapitulated by focusing on the cellular transformations that occur as the inner ear is converted from a thickening of the surface ectoderm next to the hindbrain known as the otic placode to an otocyst embedded in the head mesenchyme. Finally, we will highlight otic and epibranchial placode development and morphogenetic events towards progenitors of the inner ear and their neurosensory cell derivatives.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/8/6994inner eargene regulatory networkepibranchialsensory placodehair cellsensory neuron |
| spellingShingle | Azel Zine Bernd Fritzsch Early Steps towards Hearing: Placodes and Sensory Development International Journal of Molecular Sciences inner ear gene regulatory network epibranchial sensory placode hair cell sensory neuron |
| title | Early Steps towards Hearing: Placodes and Sensory Development |
| title_full | Early Steps towards Hearing: Placodes and Sensory Development |
| title_fullStr | Early Steps towards Hearing: Placodes and Sensory Development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Early Steps towards Hearing: Placodes and Sensory Development |
| title_short | Early Steps towards Hearing: Placodes and Sensory Development |
| title_sort | early steps towards hearing placodes and sensory development |
| topic | inner ear gene regulatory network epibranchial sensory placode hair cell sensory neuron |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/8/6994 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT azelzine earlystepstowardshearingplacodesandsensorydevelopment AT berndfritzsch earlystepstowardshearingplacodesandsensorydevelopment |