Scaling precipitation input to spatially distributed hydrological models by measured snow distribution
Accurate knowledge on snow distribution in alpine terrain is crucial for various applicationssuch as flood risk assessment, avalanche warning or managing water supply and hydro-power.To simulate the seasonal snow cover development in alpine terrain, the spatially distributed,physics-based model Alpi...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Earth Science |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/feart.2016.00108/full |
| _version_ | 1818952430949236736 |
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| author | Christian Vögeli Michael Lehning Michael Lehning Nander Wever Nander Wever Mathias Bavay |
| author_facet | Christian Vögeli Michael Lehning Michael Lehning Nander Wever Nander Wever Mathias Bavay |
| author_sort | Christian Vögeli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Accurate knowledge on snow distribution in alpine terrain is crucial for various applicationssuch as flood risk assessment, avalanche warning or managing water supply and hydro-power.To simulate the seasonal snow cover development in alpine terrain, the spatially distributed,physics-based model Alpine3D is suitable. The model is typically driven by spatial interpolationsof observations from automatic weather stations (AWS), leading to errors in the spatial distributionof atmospheric forcing. With recent advances in remote sensing techniques, maps of snowdepth can be acquired with high spatial resolution and accuracy. In this work, maps of the snowdepth distribution, calculated from summer and winter digital surface models based on AirborneDigital Sensors (ADS), are used to scale precipitation input data, with the aim to improve theaccuracy of simulation of the spatial distribution of snow with Alpine3D. A simple method toscale and redistribute precipitation is presented and the performance is analysed. The scalingmethod is only applied if it is snowing. For rainfall the precipitation is distributed by interpolation,with a simple air temperature threshold used for the determination of the precipitation phase.It was found that the accuracy of spatial snow distribution could be improved significantly forthe simulated domain. The standard deviation of absolute snow depth error is reduced up toa factor 3.4 to less than 20 cm. The mean absolute error in snow distribution was reducedwhen using representative input sources for the simulation domain. For inter-annual scaling, themodel performance could also be improved, even when using a remote sensing dataset from adifferent winter. In conclusion, using remote sensing data to process precipitation input, complexprocesses such as preferential snow deposition and snow relocation due to wind or avalanches,can be substituted and modelling performance of spatial snow distribution is improved. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T09:50:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a53be96a787a49a4892ff9ff17bfd89a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-6463 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T09:50:16Z |
| publishDate | 2016-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Earth Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-a53be96a787a49a4892ff9ff17bfd89a2022-12-21T19:44:38ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Earth Science2296-64632016-12-01410.3389/feart.2016.00108218891Scaling precipitation input to spatially distributed hydrological models by measured snow distributionChristian Vögeli0Michael Lehning1Michael Lehning2Nander Wever3Nander Wever4Mathias Bavay5WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF DavosWSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF DavosEPF LausanneEPF LausanneWSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF DavosWSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF DavosAccurate knowledge on snow distribution in alpine terrain is crucial for various applicationssuch as flood risk assessment, avalanche warning or managing water supply and hydro-power.To simulate the seasonal snow cover development in alpine terrain, the spatially distributed,physics-based model Alpine3D is suitable. The model is typically driven by spatial interpolationsof observations from automatic weather stations (AWS), leading to errors in the spatial distributionof atmospheric forcing. With recent advances in remote sensing techniques, maps of snowdepth can be acquired with high spatial resolution and accuracy. In this work, maps of the snowdepth distribution, calculated from summer and winter digital surface models based on AirborneDigital Sensors (ADS), are used to scale precipitation input data, with the aim to improve theaccuracy of simulation of the spatial distribution of snow with Alpine3D. A simple method toscale and redistribute precipitation is presented and the performance is analysed. The scalingmethod is only applied if it is snowing. For rainfall the precipitation is distributed by interpolation,with a simple air temperature threshold used for the determination of the precipitation phase.It was found that the accuracy of spatial snow distribution could be improved significantly forthe simulated domain. The standard deviation of absolute snow depth error is reduced up toa factor 3.4 to less than 20 cm. The mean absolute error in snow distribution was reducedwhen using representative input sources for the simulation domain. For inter-annual scaling, themodel performance could also be improved, even when using a remote sensing dataset from adifferent winter. In conclusion, using remote sensing data to process precipitation input, complexprocesses such as preferential snow deposition and snow relocation due to wind or avalanches,can be substituted and modelling performance of spatial snow distribution is improved.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/feart.2016.00108/fullspatial variabilitySnow depthprecipitation scalingSnow transportPreferential depositionMountain precipitation |
| spellingShingle | Christian Vögeli Michael Lehning Michael Lehning Nander Wever Nander Wever Mathias Bavay Scaling precipitation input to spatially distributed hydrological models by measured snow distribution Frontiers in Earth Science spatial variability Snow depth precipitation scaling Snow transport Preferential deposition Mountain precipitation |
| title | Scaling precipitation input to spatially distributed hydrological models by measured snow distribution |
| title_full | Scaling precipitation input to spatially distributed hydrological models by measured snow distribution |
| title_fullStr | Scaling precipitation input to spatially distributed hydrological models by measured snow distribution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Scaling precipitation input to spatially distributed hydrological models by measured snow distribution |
| title_short | Scaling precipitation input to spatially distributed hydrological models by measured snow distribution |
| title_sort | scaling precipitation input to spatially distributed hydrological models by measured snow distribution |
| topic | spatial variability Snow depth precipitation scaling Snow transport Preferential deposition Mountain precipitation |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/feart.2016.00108/full |
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