Exhaled Breath Analysis for Investigating the Use of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Corticosteroid Responsiveness in Wheezing Preschool Children
Exhaled breath analysis has great potential in diagnosing various respiratory and non-respiratory diseases. In this study, we investigated the influence of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of wheezing preschool children. Furthermore, we assessed whether exha...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/17/5160 |
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| author | Michiel A. G. E. Bannier Sophie Kienhorst Quirijn Jöbsis Kim D. G. van de Kant Frederik-Jan van Schooten Agnieszka Smolinska Edward Dompeling |
| author_facet | Michiel A. G. E. Bannier Sophie Kienhorst Quirijn Jöbsis Kim D. G. van de Kant Frederik-Jan van Schooten Agnieszka Smolinska Edward Dompeling |
| author_sort | Michiel A. G. E. Bannier |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Exhaled breath analysis has great potential in diagnosing various respiratory and non-respiratory diseases. In this study, we investigated the influence of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of wheezing preschool children. Furthermore, we assessed whether exhaled VOCs could predict a clinical steroid response in wheezing preschool children. We performed a crossover 8-week ICS trial, in which 147 children were included. Complete data were available for 89 children, of which 46 children were defined as steroid-responsive. Exhaled VOCs were measured by GC-<i>tof</i>-MS. Statistical analysis by means of Random Forest was used to investigate the effect of ICS on exhaled VOCs. A set of 20 VOCs could best discriminate between measurements before and after ICS treatment, with a sensitivity of 73% and specificity of 67% (area under ROC curve = 0.72). Most discriminative VOCs were branched C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>24</sub>, butanal, octanal, acetic acid and methylated pentane. Other VOCs predominantly included alkanes. Regularised multivariate analysis of variance (rMANOVA) was used to determine treatment response, which showed a significant effect between responders and non-responders (<i>p</i> < 0.01). These results show that ICS significantly altered the exhaled breath profiles of wheezing preschool children, irrespective of clinical treatment response. Furthermore, exhaled VOCs were capable of determining corticosteroid responsiveness in wheezing preschool children. |
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| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:38:42Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-a5437d323aee4854b75ebf20b60530cc2023-11-23T13:28:43ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-08-011117516010.3390/jcm11175160Exhaled Breath Analysis for Investigating the Use of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Corticosteroid Responsiveness in Wheezing Preschool ChildrenMichiel A. G. E. Bannier0Sophie Kienhorst1Quirijn Jöbsis2Kim D. G. van de Kant3Frederik-Jan van Schooten4Agnieszka Smolinska5Edward Dompeling6Department of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The NetherlandsExhaled breath analysis has great potential in diagnosing various respiratory and non-respiratory diseases. In this study, we investigated the influence of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of wheezing preschool children. Furthermore, we assessed whether exhaled VOCs could predict a clinical steroid response in wheezing preschool children. We performed a crossover 8-week ICS trial, in which 147 children were included. Complete data were available for 89 children, of which 46 children were defined as steroid-responsive. Exhaled VOCs were measured by GC-<i>tof</i>-MS. Statistical analysis by means of Random Forest was used to investigate the effect of ICS on exhaled VOCs. A set of 20 VOCs could best discriminate between measurements before and after ICS treatment, with a sensitivity of 73% and specificity of 67% (area under ROC curve = 0.72). Most discriminative VOCs were branched C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>24</sub>, butanal, octanal, acetic acid and methylated pentane. Other VOCs predominantly included alkanes. Regularised multivariate analysis of variance (rMANOVA) was used to determine treatment response, which showed a significant effect between responders and non-responders (<i>p</i> < 0.01). These results show that ICS significantly altered the exhaled breath profiles of wheezing preschool children, irrespective of clinical treatment response. Furthermore, exhaled VOCs were capable of determining corticosteroid responsiveness in wheezing preschool children.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/17/5160preschool wheezingasthmaexhaled breathvolatile organic compoundsinhaled corticosteroidstreatment response |
| spellingShingle | Michiel A. G. E. Bannier Sophie Kienhorst Quirijn Jöbsis Kim D. G. van de Kant Frederik-Jan van Schooten Agnieszka Smolinska Edward Dompeling Exhaled Breath Analysis for Investigating the Use of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Corticosteroid Responsiveness in Wheezing Preschool Children Journal of Clinical Medicine preschool wheezing asthma exhaled breath volatile organic compounds inhaled corticosteroids treatment response |
| title | Exhaled Breath Analysis for Investigating the Use of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Corticosteroid Responsiveness in Wheezing Preschool Children |
| title_full | Exhaled Breath Analysis for Investigating the Use of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Corticosteroid Responsiveness in Wheezing Preschool Children |
| title_fullStr | Exhaled Breath Analysis for Investigating the Use of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Corticosteroid Responsiveness in Wheezing Preschool Children |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exhaled Breath Analysis for Investigating the Use of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Corticosteroid Responsiveness in Wheezing Preschool Children |
| title_short | Exhaled Breath Analysis for Investigating the Use of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Corticosteroid Responsiveness in Wheezing Preschool Children |
| title_sort | exhaled breath analysis for investigating the use of inhaled corticosteroids and corticosteroid responsiveness in wheezing preschool children |
| topic | preschool wheezing asthma exhaled breath volatile organic compounds inhaled corticosteroids treatment response |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/17/5160 |
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