| Summary: | Five new anthraquinone derivatives, auxarthrols D−H (<b>1</b>−<b>5</b>), along with two known analogues (<b>6</b>−<b>7</b>), were obtained from the culture of the marine-derived fungus <i>Sporendonema casei</i>. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were established on the basis of NMR, HRESIMS, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic techniques. Among them, compound <b>4</b> represents the second isolated anthraquinone derivative with a chlorine atom, which, with compound <b>6</b>, are the first reported anthraquinone derivatives with anticoagulant activity. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>3</b> showed cytotoxic activities with IC<sub>50</sub> values from 4.5 μM to 22.9 μM, while compounds <b>1</b>, <b>3</b>−<b>4</b>, and <b>6</b>−<b>7</b> showed promising antibacterial activities with MIC values from 12.5 μM to 200 μM. In addition, compound <b>7</b> was discovered to display potential antitubercular activity for the first time.
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