Structural changes and adaptative evolutionary constraints in FLOWERING LOCUS T and TERMINAL FLOWER1-like genes of flowering plants
Regulation of flowering is a crucial event in the evolutionary history of angiosperms. The production of flowers is regulated through the integration of different environmental and endogenous stimuli, many of which involve the activation of different genes in a hierarchical and complex signaling net...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Genetics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2022.954015/full |
| _version_ | 1828174880799981568 |
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| author | Deivid Almeida de Jesus Darlisson Mesquista Batista Elton Figueira Monteiro Shayla Salzman Lucas Miguel Carvalho Kauê Santana Thiago André |
| author_facet | Deivid Almeida de Jesus Darlisson Mesquista Batista Elton Figueira Monteiro Shayla Salzman Lucas Miguel Carvalho Kauê Santana Thiago André |
| author_sort | Deivid Almeida de Jesus |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Regulation of flowering is a crucial event in the evolutionary history of angiosperms. The production of flowers is regulated through the integration of different environmental and endogenous stimuli, many of which involve the activation of different genes in a hierarchical and complex signaling network. The FLOWERING LOCUS T/TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (FT/TFL1) gene family is known to regulate important aspects of flowering in plants. To better understand the pivotal events that changed FT and TFL1 functions during the evolution of angiosperms, we reconstructed the ancestral sequences of FT/TFL1-like genes and predicted protein structures through in silico modeling to identify determinant sites that evolved in both proteins and allowed the adaptative diversification in the flowering phenology and developmental processes. In addition, we demonstrate that the occurrence of destabilizing mutations in residues located at the phosphatidylcholine binding sites of FT structure are under positive selection, and some residues of 4th exon are under negative selection, which is compensated by the occurrence of stabilizing mutations in key regions and the P-loop to maintain the overall protein stability. Our results shed light on the evolutionary history of key genes involved in the diversification of angiosperms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T04:20:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a55c7a3a1dad444e9077906d7cd765f7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-8021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T04:20:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-a55c7a3a1dad444e9077906d7cd765f72022-12-22T03:48:16ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212022-09-011310.3389/fgene.2022.954015954015Structural changes and adaptative evolutionary constraints in FLOWERING LOCUS T and TERMINAL FLOWER1-like genes of flowering plantsDeivid Almeida de Jesus0Darlisson Mesquista Batista1Elton Figueira Monteiro2Shayla Salzman3Lucas Miguel Carvalho4Kauê Santana5Thiago André6Institute of Biology Genetics Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará Santarém, Pará, Santarém, BrazilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará Santarém, Pará, Santarém, BrazilSchool of Integrative Plant Sciences. Section of Plant Biology. Cornell University Ithaca, New York, NY, United StatesCenter for Computing in Engineering and Sciences, State University of Campinas. Campinas, São Paulo, BrazilInstitute of Biodiversity, Federal University of Western Pará Santarém Pará, Santarém, BrazilBotany Department, University of Brasília, Brasília, BrazilRegulation of flowering is a crucial event in the evolutionary history of angiosperms. The production of flowers is regulated through the integration of different environmental and endogenous stimuli, many of which involve the activation of different genes in a hierarchical and complex signaling network. The FLOWERING LOCUS T/TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (FT/TFL1) gene family is known to regulate important aspects of flowering in plants. To better understand the pivotal events that changed FT and TFL1 functions during the evolution of angiosperms, we reconstructed the ancestral sequences of FT/TFL1-like genes and predicted protein structures through in silico modeling to identify determinant sites that evolved in both proteins and allowed the adaptative diversification in the flowering phenology and developmental processes. In addition, we demonstrate that the occurrence of destabilizing mutations in residues located at the phosphatidylcholine binding sites of FT structure are under positive selection, and some residues of 4th exon are under negative selection, which is compensated by the occurrence of stabilizing mutations in key regions and the P-loop to maintain the overall protein stability. Our results shed light on the evolutionary history of key genes involved in the diversification of angiosperms.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2022.954015/fullphenologystructural Biologyphylogeneticsprotein structure predictionadaptative evolutionary constraintsnatural selection |
| spellingShingle | Deivid Almeida de Jesus Darlisson Mesquista Batista Elton Figueira Monteiro Shayla Salzman Lucas Miguel Carvalho Kauê Santana Thiago André Structural changes and adaptative evolutionary constraints in FLOWERING LOCUS T and TERMINAL FLOWER1-like genes of flowering plants Frontiers in Genetics phenology structural Biology phylogenetics protein structure prediction adaptative evolutionary constraints natural selection |
| title | Structural changes and adaptative evolutionary constraints in FLOWERING LOCUS T and TERMINAL FLOWER1-like genes of flowering plants |
| title_full | Structural changes and adaptative evolutionary constraints in FLOWERING LOCUS T and TERMINAL FLOWER1-like genes of flowering plants |
| title_fullStr | Structural changes and adaptative evolutionary constraints in FLOWERING LOCUS T and TERMINAL FLOWER1-like genes of flowering plants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Structural changes and adaptative evolutionary constraints in FLOWERING LOCUS T and TERMINAL FLOWER1-like genes of flowering plants |
| title_short | Structural changes and adaptative evolutionary constraints in FLOWERING LOCUS T and TERMINAL FLOWER1-like genes of flowering plants |
| title_sort | structural changes and adaptative evolutionary constraints in flowering locus t and terminal flower1 like genes of flowering plants |
| topic | phenology structural Biology phylogenetics protein structure prediction adaptative evolutionary constraints natural selection |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2022.954015/full |
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