Nitrate dynamics in natural plants: Insights based on the concentration and natural isotope abundances of tissue nitrate
The dynamics of nitrate (NO3-), a major nitrogen (N) source for natural plants, has been studied mostly through experimental N addition, enzymatic assay, isotope labeling, and genetic expression. However, artificial N supply may not reasonably reflect the N strategies in natural plants because NO3-...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2014-07-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpls.2014.00355/full |
| _version_ | 1819243169568522240 |
|---|---|
| author | Xue Yan Liu Xue Yan Liu Keisuke eKoba Akiko eMakabe Cong Qiang Liu |
| author_facet | Xue Yan Liu Xue Yan Liu Keisuke eKoba Akiko eMakabe Cong Qiang Liu |
| author_sort | Xue Yan Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The dynamics of nitrate (NO3-), a major nitrogen (N) source for natural plants, has been studied mostly through experimental N addition, enzymatic assay, isotope labeling, and genetic expression. However, artificial N supply may not reasonably reflect the N strategies in natural plants because NO3- uptake and reduction may vary with external N availability. Abrupt application and short operation times, field N addition, and isotopic labeling hinder the elucidation of in situ NO3--use mechanisms. The concentration and natural isotopes of tissue NO3- can offer insights into the plant NO3- sources and dynamics in a natural context. Furthermore, they facilitate the exploration of plant NO3- utilization and its interaction with N pollution and ecosystem N cycles without disturbing the N pools. The present study was conducted to review the application of the denitrifier method for concentration and isotope analyses of NO3- in plants. Moreover, this study highlights the utility and benefits of these parameters in interpreting NO3- sources and dynamics in natural plants. We summarize the major sources and reduction processes of NO3- in plants, and discuss the implications of NO3- concentration in plant tissues based on existing data. Particular emphasis was laid on the regulation of soil NO3 - and plant ecophysiological functions in interspecific and intra-plant NO3- variations. We introduce N and O isotope systematics of NO3- in plants and discusse the principles and feasibilities of using isotopic enrichment and fractionation factors; the correlation between concentration and isotopes (N and O isotopes: δ18O and ∆17O); and isotope mass-balance calculations to constrain sources and reduction of NO3- in possible scenarios for natural plants are deliberated. Finally, we construct a preliminary framework of intraplant δ18O-NO3- variation, and summarize the uncertainties in using tissue NO3- parameters to interpret plant NO3- utilization. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T14:51:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a57a51f5db3d4500b89da0e2378c5df0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T14:51:26Z |
| publishDate | 2014-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-a57a51f5db3d4500b89da0e2378c5df02022-12-21T17:42:56ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2014-07-01510.3389/fpls.2014.0035582618Nitrate dynamics in natural plants: Insights based on the concentration and natural isotope abundances of tissue nitrateXue Yan Liu0Xue Yan Liu1Keisuke eKoba2Akiko eMakabe3Cong Qiang Liu4Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of SciencesTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyInstitute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of SciencesThe dynamics of nitrate (NO3-), a major nitrogen (N) source for natural plants, has been studied mostly through experimental N addition, enzymatic assay, isotope labeling, and genetic expression. However, artificial N supply may not reasonably reflect the N strategies in natural plants because NO3- uptake and reduction may vary with external N availability. Abrupt application and short operation times, field N addition, and isotopic labeling hinder the elucidation of in situ NO3--use mechanisms. The concentration and natural isotopes of tissue NO3- can offer insights into the plant NO3- sources and dynamics in a natural context. Furthermore, they facilitate the exploration of plant NO3- utilization and its interaction with N pollution and ecosystem N cycles without disturbing the N pools. The present study was conducted to review the application of the denitrifier method for concentration and isotope analyses of NO3- in plants. Moreover, this study highlights the utility and benefits of these parameters in interpreting NO3- sources and dynamics in natural plants. We summarize the major sources and reduction processes of NO3- in plants, and discuss the implications of NO3- concentration in plant tissues based on existing data. Particular emphasis was laid on the regulation of soil NO3 - and plant ecophysiological functions in interspecific and intra-plant NO3- variations. We introduce N and O isotope systematics of NO3- in plants and discusse the principles and feasibilities of using isotopic enrichment and fractionation factors; the correlation between concentration and isotopes (N and O isotopes: δ18O and ∆17O); and isotope mass-balance calculations to constrain sources and reduction of NO3- in possible scenarios for natural plants are deliberated. Finally, we construct a preliminary framework of intraplant δ18O-NO3- variation, and summarize the uncertainties in using tissue NO3- parameters to interpret plant NO3- utilization.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpls.2014.00355/fullNitrate Reductaseisotopic fractionationplant nitratesoil nitrogen availabilityisotopic enrichmentoxygen isotope |
| spellingShingle | Xue Yan Liu Xue Yan Liu Keisuke eKoba Akiko eMakabe Cong Qiang Liu Nitrate dynamics in natural plants: Insights based on the concentration and natural isotope abundances of tissue nitrate Frontiers in Plant Science Nitrate Reductase isotopic fractionation plant nitrate soil nitrogen availability isotopic enrichment oxygen isotope |
| title | Nitrate dynamics in natural plants: Insights based on the concentration and natural isotope abundances of tissue nitrate |
| title_full | Nitrate dynamics in natural plants: Insights based on the concentration and natural isotope abundances of tissue nitrate |
| title_fullStr | Nitrate dynamics in natural plants: Insights based on the concentration and natural isotope abundances of tissue nitrate |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nitrate dynamics in natural plants: Insights based on the concentration and natural isotope abundances of tissue nitrate |
| title_short | Nitrate dynamics in natural plants: Insights based on the concentration and natural isotope abundances of tissue nitrate |
| title_sort | nitrate dynamics in natural plants insights based on the concentration and natural isotope abundances of tissue nitrate |
| topic | Nitrate Reductase isotopic fractionation plant nitrate soil nitrogen availability isotopic enrichment oxygen isotope |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpls.2014.00355/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xueyanliu nitratedynamicsinnaturalplantsinsightsbasedontheconcentrationandnaturalisotopeabundancesoftissuenitrate AT xueyanliu nitratedynamicsinnaturalplantsinsightsbasedontheconcentrationandnaturalisotopeabundancesoftissuenitrate AT keisukeekoba nitratedynamicsinnaturalplantsinsightsbasedontheconcentrationandnaturalisotopeabundancesoftissuenitrate AT akikoemakabe nitratedynamicsinnaturalplantsinsightsbasedontheconcentrationandnaturalisotopeabundancesoftissuenitrate AT congqiangliu nitratedynamicsinnaturalplantsinsightsbasedontheconcentrationandnaturalisotopeabundancesoftissuenitrate |