In Vitro Effects of Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants in a Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary of Hypercalcemic Type and in Type 1 and Type 2 Endometrial Cancer
Small-cell carcinoma of the ovary of hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) and endometrial cancer from type 1 and type 2 are gynecological tumors that affect women worldwide. The treatment encompasses the use of cytotoxic drugs that are nonspecific and inefficient. “Mitocans”, a family of drugs that specifica...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/4/800 |
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| author | Mariana Castelôa Beatriz Moreira-Pinto Sofia Benfeito Fernanda Borges Bruno M. Fonseca Irene Rebelo |
| author_facet | Mariana Castelôa Beatriz Moreira-Pinto Sofia Benfeito Fernanda Borges Bruno M. Fonseca Irene Rebelo |
| author_sort | Mariana Castelôa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Small-cell carcinoma of the ovary of hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) and endometrial cancer from type 1 and type 2 are gynecological tumors that affect women worldwide. The treatment encompasses the use of cytotoxic drugs that are nonspecific and inefficient. “Mitocans”, a family of drugs that specifically target tumor cells’ mitochondria, might be a solution, as they conjugate compounds, such as antioxidants, with carriers, such as lipophilic cations, that direct them to the mitochondria. In this study, caffeic acid was conjugated with triphenylphosphonium (TPP), 4-picolinium, or isoquinolinium, forming 3 new compounds (Mito6_TPP, Mito6_picol., and Mito6_isoq.) that were tested on ovarian (COV434) and endometrial (Hec50co and Ishikawa) cancer cells. The results of MTT and neutral red assays suggested a time- and concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability in all tumor cell lines. The presence of apoptosis was indicated by the Giemsa and Höechst staining and by the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. The measurement of intracellular reactive oxygen species demonstrated the antioxidant properties of these compounds, which might be related to cell death. Generally, Mito6_TPP was more active at lower concentrations than Mito6_picol. or Mito6_isoq., but was accompanied by more cytotoxic effects, as shown by the lactate dehydrogenase release. Non-tumorous cells (HFF-1) showed no changes after treatment. This study assessed the potential of these compounds as anticancer agents, although further investigation is needed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:07:22Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:07:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
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| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-a57b69372d684be48858bd2a61b3f1ca2023-12-01T00:53:31ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592022-03-0110480010.3390/biomedicines10040800In Vitro Effects of Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants in a Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary of Hypercalcemic Type and in Type 1 and Type 2 Endometrial CancerMariana Castelôa0Beatriz Moreira-Pinto1Sofia Benfeito2Fernanda Borges3Bruno M. Fonseca4Irene Rebelo5CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007 Porto, PortugalUCIBIO, Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalCIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007 Porto, PortugalCIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007 Porto, PortugalUCIBIO, Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalUCIBIO, Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalSmall-cell carcinoma of the ovary of hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) and endometrial cancer from type 1 and type 2 are gynecological tumors that affect women worldwide. The treatment encompasses the use of cytotoxic drugs that are nonspecific and inefficient. “Mitocans”, a family of drugs that specifically target tumor cells’ mitochondria, might be a solution, as they conjugate compounds, such as antioxidants, with carriers, such as lipophilic cations, that direct them to the mitochondria. In this study, caffeic acid was conjugated with triphenylphosphonium (TPP), 4-picolinium, or isoquinolinium, forming 3 new compounds (Mito6_TPP, Mito6_picol., and Mito6_isoq.) that were tested on ovarian (COV434) and endometrial (Hec50co and Ishikawa) cancer cells. The results of MTT and neutral red assays suggested a time- and concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability in all tumor cell lines. The presence of apoptosis was indicated by the Giemsa and Höechst staining and by the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. The measurement of intracellular reactive oxygen species demonstrated the antioxidant properties of these compounds, which might be related to cell death. Generally, Mito6_TPP was more active at lower concentrations than Mito6_picol. or Mito6_isoq., but was accompanied by more cytotoxic effects, as shown by the lactate dehydrogenase release. Non-tumorous cells (HFF-1) showed no changes after treatment. This study assessed the potential of these compounds as anticancer agents, although further investigation is needed.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/4/800cancerovaryendometriumanticancer agentsmitocansTPP |
| spellingShingle | Mariana Castelôa Beatriz Moreira-Pinto Sofia Benfeito Fernanda Borges Bruno M. Fonseca Irene Rebelo In Vitro Effects of Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants in a Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary of Hypercalcemic Type and in Type 1 and Type 2 Endometrial Cancer Biomedicines cancer ovary endometrium anticancer agents mitocans TPP |
| title | In Vitro Effects of Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants in a Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary of Hypercalcemic Type and in Type 1 and Type 2 Endometrial Cancer |
| title_full | In Vitro Effects of Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants in a Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary of Hypercalcemic Type and in Type 1 and Type 2 Endometrial Cancer |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro Effects of Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants in a Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary of Hypercalcemic Type and in Type 1 and Type 2 Endometrial Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Effects of Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants in a Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary of Hypercalcemic Type and in Type 1 and Type 2 Endometrial Cancer |
| title_short | In Vitro Effects of Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants in a Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary of Hypercalcemic Type and in Type 1 and Type 2 Endometrial Cancer |
| title_sort | in vitro effects of mitochondria targeted antioxidants in a small cell carcinoma of the ovary of hypercalcemic type and in type 1 and type 2 endometrial cancer |
| topic | cancer ovary endometrium anticancer agents mitocans TPP |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/4/800 |
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