Detecting Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus Causing Ridge Gourd Yellow Mosaic Disease, and Other Begomoviruses by Antibody-Based Methods
The incidence and severity of begomovirus diseases have been increasing around the world recently, and the ridge gourd [<i>Luffa acutangula</i> (Roxb.) L.] is the latest example of a crop that has become highly susceptible to the outbreak of the tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV,...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/3/490 |
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| author | Priya Naganur Kodegandlu Subbanna Shankarappa Raghavendra K. Mesta Chilakalapudi Durga Rao Venkataravanappa Venkataravanappa Midatharahally Narasegowda Maruthi Lakshminarayana Reddy C. Narasimha Reddy |
| author_facet | Priya Naganur Kodegandlu Subbanna Shankarappa Raghavendra K. Mesta Chilakalapudi Durga Rao Venkataravanappa Venkataravanappa Midatharahally Narasegowda Maruthi Lakshminarayana Reddy C. Narasimha Reddy |
| author_sort | Priya Naganur |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The incidence and severity of begomovirus diseases have been increasing around the world recently, and the ridge gourd [<i>Luffa acutangula</i> (Roxb.) L.] is the latest example of a crop that has become highly susceptible to the outbreak of the tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV, genus <i>Begomovirus</i>) in India. Accurate diagnosis of causal agents is important in designing disease management strategies. In this study the coat protein (CP) gene from a ToLCNDV-Rg ridge gourd isolate was used to produce polyclonal antibodies (ToLCNDV-Rg-CP-PAb) in a rabbit. The antibodies successfully detected a 30.5 kDa ToLCNDV-Rg-CP in extracts of symptomatic ridge gourd leaf samples by several assays, such as Western Blotting (WB), Dot Immuno Binding Assay (DIBA), Direct Antigen Coating Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (DAC-ELISA), Immuno Capture Polymerase Chain Reaction (IC-PCR), and Immuno Capture Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (IC-LAMP) assays. However, none of the negative samples tested positive in either of the detection methods. Among all the methods tested, the immunocapture assay, IC-LAMP, was the most sensitive in detecting ToLCNDV-Rg. Furthermore, antibodies generated in this study also detected other commonly occurring begomoviruses in South India, such as tomato leaf curl Palampur virus and squash leaf curl China virus in cucurbits. Together, ToLCNDV-Rg-CP-PAb can be used for detecting at least three species of begomoviruses infecting cucurbits. The obtained antibodies will contribute to monitoring disease outbreaks in multiple crops. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:29:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a593f2d074bc4ee6b99da90d66678b66 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:29:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-a593f2d074bc4ee6b99da90d66678b662023-11-16T17:43:07ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-01-0112349010.3390/plants12030490Detecting Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus Causing Ridge Gourd Yellow Mosaic Disease, and Other Begomoviruses by Antibody-Based MethodsPriya Naganur0Kodegandlu Subbanna Shankarappa1Raghavendra K. Mesta2Chilakalapudi Durga Rao3Venkataravanappa Venkataravanappa4Midatharahally Narasegowda Maruthi5Lakshminarayana Reddy C. Narasimha Reddy6Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bengaluru 560065, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bengaluru 560065, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot 587101, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Biology, SRM University, Mangalagiri Mandal, Neerukonda, Amaravati 522502, Andhra Pradesh, IndiaDivision of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake PO, Bengaluru 560089, Karnataka, IndiaAgriculture, Health and Environment Department, Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, Chatham, Kent ME4 4TB, UKDepartment of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru 560065, Karnataka, IndiaThe incidence and severity of begomovirus diseases have been increasing around the world recently, and the ridge gourd [<i>Luffa acutangula</i> (Roxb.) L.] is the latest example of a crop that has become highly susceptible to the outbreak of the tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV, genus <i>Begomovirus</i>) in India. Accurate diagnosis of causal agents is important in designing disease management strategies. In this study the coat protein (CP) gene from a ToLCNDV-Rg ridge gourd isolate was used to produce polyclonal antibodies (ToLCNDV-Rg-CP-PAb) in a rabbit. The antibodies successfully detected a 30.5 kDa ToLCNDV-Rg-CP in extracts of symptomatic ridge gourd leaf samples by several assays, such as Western Blotting (WB), Dot Immuno Binding Assay (DIBA), Direct Antigen Coating Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (DAC-ELISA), Immuno Capture Polymerase Chain Reaction (IC-PCR), and Immuno Capture Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (IC-LAMP) assays. However, none of the negative samples tested positive in either of the detection methods. Among all the methods tested, the immunocapture assay, IC-LAMP, was the most sensitive in detecting ToLCNDV-Rg. Furthermore, antibodies generated in this study also detected other commonly occurring begomoviruses in South India, such as tomato leaf curl Palampur virus and squash leaf curl China virus in cucurbits. Together, ToLCNDV-Rg-CP-PAb can be used for detecting at least three species of begomoviruses infecting cucurbits. The obtained antibodies will contribute to monitoring disease outbreaks in multiple crops.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/3/490begomoviruscoat proteinELISAGeminiviridaeimmunocapture assaysridge gourd |
| spellingShingle | Priya Naganur Kodegandlu Subbanna Shankarappa Raghavendra K. Mesta Chilakalapudi Durga Rao Venkataravanappa Venkataravanappa Midatharahally Narasegowda Maruthi Lakshminarayana Reddy C. Narasimha Reddy Detecting Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus Causing Ridge Gourd Yellow Mosaic Disease, and Other Begomoviruses by Antibody-Based Methods Plants begomovirus coat protein ELISA Geminiviridae immunocapture assays ridge gourd |
| title | Detecting Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus Causing Ridge Gourd Yellow Mosaic Disease, and Other Begomoviruses by Antibody-Based Methods |
| title_full | Detecting Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus Causing Ridge Gourd Yellow Mosaic Disease, and Other Begomoviruses by Antibody-Based Methods |
| title_fullStr | Detecting Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus Causing Ridge Gourd Yellow Mosaic Disease, and Other Begomoviruses by Antibody-Based Methods |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detecting Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus Causing Ridge Gourd Yellow Mosaic Disease, and Other Begomoviruses by Antibody-Based Methods |
| title_short | Detecting Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus Causing Ridge Gourd Yellow Mosaic Disease, and Other Begomoviruses by Antibody-Based Methods |
| title_sort | detecting tomato leaf curl new delhi virus causing ridge gourd yellow mosaic disease and other begomoviruses by antibody based methods |
| topic | begomovirus coat protein ELISA Geminiviridae immunocapture assays ridge gourd |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/3/490 |
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