Effects of Lambda Cyhalothrin on the behaviour and histology of gills of Sarotherodon melanotheron in brackish water
Pyrethroids like Lambda Cyhalothrins, are synthetic insecticides that contaminate and modify the physico-chemical integrity of receiving water bodies and are toxic to the resident life forms. When applied at a given site may find their way into natural water bodies through leaching, precipitation, p...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2019-11-01
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| Series: | Scientific African |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227619307392 |
| _version_ | 1818440840742174720 |
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| author | Kelsy Alalibo Ugbomeh Adaobi Patricia Daka Erema Ransome |
| author_facet | Kelsy Alalibo Ugbomeh Adaobi Patricia Daka Erema Ransome |
| author_sort | Kelsy Alalibo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pyrethroids like Lambda Cyhalothrins, are synthetic insecticides that contaminate and modify the physico-chemical integrity of receiving water bodies and are toxic to the resident life forms. When applied at a given site may find their way into natural water bodies through leaching, precipitation, percolation, drift, or runoff. The aim of this study was to determine the acute toxicity, behavioural effects and histopathological effects on gills of Sarotherodon melanotheron exposed to Lambda Cyhalothrin (LCT) in brackish water. Four hundred and sixty (460) fingerlings of Sarotherodon melanotheron (mean length – 8.0 cm) and (mean body weight – 8.9 g) were exposed to various concentrations (3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 mg/L) of a pyrethroid insecticide – Lambda Cyhalothrin in brackish water in the Marine Pollution Monitoring Laboratory in the University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria. An acute toxicity bioassay (96 h) was carried out to determine the LC50 of the toxicant. The histopathological effects of the toxicant on the gills and behaviour of fish were recorded. Physico-chemical parameters of the test solution were measured. At the end of the test period, fish from each concentration was dissected and the gills removed for histological studies following standard methods. The results revealed a 96 h LC50 of 9 mg/L. The behavioural-somatic responses include: erratic swimming, surfacing, hyperventilation, loss of reflex, skin (scale) discolourations, caudal bending, etc. These aberrations were seen to have increased with corresponding increase in the concentrations of the toxicant and length of exposure. There were pathological alterations such as cellular infiltrations, fusion of the lamellar, hyperplasia, tissue inflammations, vacuolation, tissue degeneration and necrosis that appeared more severe with increasing concentrations. The observed behavioural and histopathological alterations at the various test concentrations were indications that the toxicant may have impaired their normal physiological integrity. The findings also showed that LCT although toxic to Sarotherodon melanotheron in brackish water, required high concentrations. The use of LCT in brackish water, fish farms or zones close to aquatic water systems should be discouraged. Keywords: Behavioural effect, Histopathology, Lambda Cyhalothrin, Pyrethroid insecticide, Sarotherodon melanotheron |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T18:18:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a5988a2e8f6343399c7929cbe2ed9ed9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2468-2276 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T18:18:45Z |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific African |
| spelling | doaj.art-a5988a2e8f6343399c7929cbe2ed9ed92022-12-21T22:52:08ZengElsevierScientific African2468-22762019-11-016Effects of Lambda Cyhalothrin on the behaviour and histology of gills of Sarotherodon melanotheron in brackish waterKelsy Alalibo0Ugbomeh Adaobi Patricia1Daka Erema Ransome2Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, NigeriaCorresponding author.; Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, NigeriaDepartment of Animal and Environmental Biology, Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, NigeriaPyrethroids like Lambda Cyhalothrins, are synthetic insecticides that contaminate and modify the physico-chemical integrity of receiving water bodies and are toxic to the resident life forms. When applied at a given site may find their way into natural water bodies through leaching, precipitation, percolation, drift, or runoff. The aim of this study was to determine the acute toxicity, behavioural effects and histopathological effects on gills of Sarotherodon melanotheron exposed to Lambda Cyhalothrin (LCT) in brackish water. Four hundred and sixty (460) fingerlings of Sarotherodon melanotheron (mean length – 8.0 cm) and (mean body weight – 8.9 g) were exposed to various concentrations (3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 mg/L) of a pyrethroid insecticide – Lambda Cyhalothrin in brackish water in the Marine Pollution Monitoring Laboratory in the University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria. An acute toxicity bioassay (96 h) was carried out to determine the LC50 of the toxicant. The histopathological effects of the toxicant on the gills and behaviour of fish were recorded. Physico-chemical parameters of the test solution were measured. At the end of the test period, fish from each concentration was dissected and the gills removed for histological studies following standard methods. The results revealed a 96 h LC50 of 9 mg/L. The behavioural-somatic responses include: erratic swimming, surfacing, hyperventilation, loss of reflex, skin (scale) discolourations, caudal bending, etc. These aberrations were seen to have increased with corresponding increase in the concentrations of the toxicant and length of exposure. There were pathological alterations such as cellular infiltrations, fusion of the lamellar, hyperplasia, tissue inflammations, vacuolation, tissue degeneration and necrosis that appeared more severe with increasing concentrations. The observed behavioural and histopathological alterations at the various test concentrations were indications that the toxicant may have impaired their normal physiological integrity. The findings also showed that LCT although toxic to Sarotherodon melanotheron in brackish water, required high concentrations. The use of LCT in brackish water, fish farms or zones close to aquatic water systems should be discouraged. Keywords: Behavioural effect, Histopathology, Lambda Cyhalothrin, Pyrethroid insecticide, Sarotherodon melanotheronhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227619307392 |
| spellingShingle | Kelsy Alalibo Ugbomeh Adaobi Patricia Daka Erema Ransome Effects of Lambda Cyhalothrin on the behaviour and histology of gills of Sarotherodon melanotheron in brackish water Scientific African |
| title | Effects of Lambda Cyhalothrin on the behaviour and histology of gills of Sarotherodon melanotheron in brackish water |
| title_full | Effects of Lambda Cyhalothrin on the behaviour and histology of gills of Sarotherodon melanotheron in brackish water |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Lambda Cyhalothrin on the behaviour and histology of gills of Sarotherodon melanotheron in brackish water |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Lambda Cyhalothrin on the behaviour and histology of gills of Sarotherodon melanotheron in brackish water |
| title_short | Effects of Lambda Cyhalothrin on the behaviour and histology of gills of Sarotherodon melanotheron in brackish water |
| title_sort | effects of lambda cyhalothrin on the behaviour and histology of gills of sarotherodon melanotheron in brackish water |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227619307392 |
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