Human stomach microbiota: Effects on health and disease
<p class="Default">The gut microbiota is a complex ecological community, consisting of trillions of microbes which include bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa. The stomach was previously considered as a sterile site uninhabited by microbes due to its hostile environmental condition...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Sri Lankan Society for Microbiology
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Sri Lankan Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://sljid.sljol.info/articles/8331 |
| _version_ | 1798023000483692544 |
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| author | D. L. N. L. Ubhayawardana S. S. N. Fernando T. D. C. P. Gunasekara G. G. Y. H. Weerasinghe M. M. Weerasekera D. D. Weerasekara |
| author_facet | D. L. N. L. Ubhayawardana S. S. N. Fernando T. D. C. P. Gunasekara G. G. Y. H. Weerasinghe M. M. Weerasekera D. D. Weerasekara |
| author_sort | D. L. N. L. Ubhayawardana |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p class="Default">The gut microbiota is a complex ecological community, consisting of trillions of microbes which include bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa. The stomach was previously considered as a sterile site uninhabited by microbes due to its hostile environmental conditions. Breaking this concept, <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> was the first pathogen reported to inhabit the stomach. Recent studies have suggested that the stomach harbours transient as well as certain commensal bacterial and fungal species. The five major microbial phyla in the stomach have been identified as <em>Firmicutes</em>, <em>Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria</em> and <em>Proteobacteria</em>.</p><p class="Default"> </p><p class="Default">The composition of gastric microbiota is dynamic and is affected by several factors. These include age group, dietary habits, medication use, inflammation of gastric mucosa and <em>H. pylori</em> colonization. Further, the role of host genetics has recently been studied in maintaining the stomach microbiota. Mutations in host genes may affect the host’s immune response towards commensal bacteria and reduce their number and diversity.</p><p class="Default"> </p><p class="Default">The essential multiple roles of gut microorganisms include maintaining homeostasis in the gut, contributing to immune function and extraction of nutrients and energy from our diets. Loss of the normal balance between the gut microbiota and host has been associated with several abnormal conditions and disorders such as obesity, malnutrition, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), neurological disorders, and cancer. In the stomach, the interaction between <em>H. pylori </em>and the gastric microbiota can also influence gastric disease progression. Further studies should focus on addressing the role of gastric dysbiosis in health and disease. Identifying gastric microbiota is essential to understand how the gut microbiota and <em>H. pylori </em>affect health and disease.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T17:39:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a5a16f2549dc4fce8e0ebaf883bf25d6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2012-8169 2448-9654 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T17:39:11Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Sri Lankan Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sri Lankan Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-a5a16f2549dc4fce8e0ebaf883bf25d62022-12-22T04:11:32ZengSri Lankan Society for MicrobiologySri Lankan Journal of Infectious Diseases2012-81692448-96542021-04-0111131210.4038/sljid.v11i1.83315859Human stomach microbiota: Effects on health and diseaseD. L. N. L. Ubhayawardana0S. S. N. Fernando1T. D. C. P. Gunasekara2G. G. Y. H. Weerasinghe3M. M. Weerasekera4D. D. Weerasekara5University of ColomboUniversity of Sri JayewardenepuraDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of Sri JayewardenepuraUniversity of Sri JayewardenepuraUniversity of Sri Jayewardenepura<p class="Default">The gut microbiota is a complex ecological community, consisting of trillions of microbes which include bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa. The stomach was previously considered as a sterile site uninhabited by microbes due to its hostile environmental conditions. Breaking this concept, <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> was the first pathogen reported to inhabit the stomach. Recent studies have suggested that the stomach harbours transient as well as certain commensal bacterial and fungal species. The five major microbial phyla in the stomach have been identified as <em>Firmicutes</em>, <em>Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria</em> and <em>Proteobacteria</em>.</p><p class="Default"> </p><p class="Default">The composition of gastric microbiota is dynamic and is affected by several factors. These include age group, dietary habits, medication use, inflammation of gastric mucosa and <em>H. pylori</em> colonization. Further, the role of host genetics has recently been studied in maintaining the stomach microbiota. Mutations in host genes may affect the host’s immune response towards commensal bacteria and reduce their number and diversity.</p><p class="Default"> </p><p class="Default">The essential multiple roles of gut microorganisms include maintaining homeostasis in the gut, contributing to immune function and extraction of nutrients and energy from our diets. Loss of the normal balance between the gut microbiota and host has been associated with several abnormal conditions and disorders such as obesity, malnutrition, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), neurological disorders, and cancer. In the stomach, the interaction between <em>H. pylori </em>and the gastric microbiota can also influence gastric disease progression. Further studies should focus on addressing the role of gastric dysbiosis in health and disease. Identifying gastric microbiota is essential to understand how the gut microbiota and <em>H. pylori </em>affect health and disease.</p>https://sljid.sljol.info/articles/8331gut microbiota, dysbiosis, helicobacter pylori |
| spellingShingle | D. L. N. L. Ubhayawardana S. S. N. Fernando T. D. C. P. Gunasekara G. G. Y. H. Weerasinghe M. M. Weerasekera D. D. Weerasekara Human stomach microbiota: Effects on health and disease Sri Lankan Journal of Infectious Diseases gut microbiota, dysbiosis, helicobacter pylori |
| title | Human stomach microbiota: Effects on health and disease |
| title_full | Human stomach microbiota: Effects on health and disease |
| title_fullStr | Human stomach microbiota: Effects on health and disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Human stomach microbiota: Effects on health and disease |
| title_short | Human stomach microbiota: Effects on health and disease |
| title_sort | human stomach microbiota effects on health and disease |
| topic | gut microbiota, dysbiosis, helicobacter pylori |
| url | https://sljid.sljol.info/articles/8331 |
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