Environmental Stability and Infectivity of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in Different Human Body Fluids
Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a hepatotropic, blood-borne virus, but in up to one-third of infections of the transmission route remained unidentified. Viral genome copies of HCV have been identified in several body fluids, however, non-parental transmission upon exposure to contaminated bod...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-03-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00504/full |
| _version_ | 1818191267316629504 |
|---|---|
| author | Stephanie Pfaender Stephanie Pfaender Fabian A. Helfritz Anindya Siddharta Daniel Todt Daniel Todt Patrick Behrendt Patrick Behrendt Julia Heyden Nina Riebesehl Wiebke Willmann Joerg Steinmann Joerg Steinmann Jan Münch Sandra Ciesek Eike Steinmann Eike Steinmann |
| author_facet | Stephanie Pfaender Stephanie Pfaender Fabian A. Helfritz Anindya Siddharta Daniel Todt Daniel Todt Patrick Behrendt Patrick Behrendt Julia Heyden Nina Riebesehl Wiebke Willmann Joerg Steinmann Joerg Steinmann Jan Münch Sandra Ciesek Eike Steinmann Eike Steinmann |
| author_sort | Stephanie Pfaender |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a hepatotropic, blood-borne virus, but in up to one-third of infections of the transmission route remained unidentified. Viral genome copies of HCV have been identified in several body fluids, however, non-parental transmission upon exposure to contaminated body fluids seems to be rare. Several body fluids, e.g., tears and saliva, are renowned for their antimicrobial and antiviral properties, nevertheless, HCV stability has never been systematically analyzed in those fluids.Methods: We used state of the art infectious HCV cell culture techniques to investigate the stability of HCV in different body fluids to estimate the potential risk of transmission via patient body fluid material. In addition, we mimicked a potential contamination of HCV in tear fluid and analyzed which impact commercially available contact lens solutions might have in such a scenario.Results: We could demonstrate that HCV remains infectious over several days in body fluids like tears, saliva, semen, and cerebrospinal fluid. Only hydrogen-peroxide contact lens solutions were able to efficiently inactivate HCV in a suspension test.Conclusion: These results indicate that HCV, once it is present in various body fluids of infected patients, remains infective and could potentially contribute to transmission upon direct contact. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T00:11:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a5bf2f600fb54ac2905a923414a3a2cb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T00:11:53Z |
| publishDate | 2018-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a5bf2f600fb54ac2905a923414a3a2cb2022-12-22T00:44:57ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2018-03-01910.3389/fmicb.2018.00504339712Environmental Stability and Infectivity of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in Different Human Body FluidsStephanie Pfaender0Stephanie Pfaender1Fabian A. Helfritz2Anindya Siddharta3Daniel Todt4Daniel Todt5Patrick Behrendt6Patrick Behrendt7Julia Heyden8Nina Riebesehl9Wiebke Willmann10Joerg Steinmann11Joerg Steinmann12Jan Münch13Sandra Ciesek14Eike Steinmann15Eike Steinmann16Institute of Virology and Immunology, Mittelhäusern, SwitzerlandDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandDepartment of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, GermanyInstitute of Experimental Virology, TWINCORE-Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infections Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hanover, GermanyInstitute of Experimental Virology, TWINCORE-Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infections Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hanover, GermanyDepartment of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, GermanyInstitute of Experimental Virology, TWINCORE-Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infections Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hanover, GermanyDepartment of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, GermanyInstitute of Experimental Virology, TWINCORE-Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infections Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hanover, GermanyInstitute of Experimental Virology, TWINCORE-Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infections Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hanover, GermanyInstitute of Experimental Virology, TWINCORE-Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infections Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hanover, GermanyInstitute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, GermanyInstitute for Clinical Hygiene, Medical Microbiology and Clinical Infectiology, Paracelsus Medical Private University, Nürnberg Hospital, Nürnberg, GermanyInstitute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany0Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, GermanyInstitute of Experimental Virology, TWINCORE-Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infections Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hanover, GermanyDepartment of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, GermanyBackground: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a hepatotropic, blood-borne virus, but in up to one-third of infections of the transmission route remained unidentified. Viral genome copies of HCV have been identified in several body fluids, however, non-parental transmission upon exposure to contaminated body fluids seems to be rare. Several body fluids, e.g., tears and saliva, are renowned for their antimicrobial and antiviral properties, nevertheless, HCV stability has never been systematically analyzed in those fluids.Methods: We used state of the art infectious HCV cell culture techniques to investigate the stability of HCV in different body fluids to estimate the potential risk of transmission via patient body fluid material. In addition, we mimicked a potential contamination of HCV in tear fluid and analyzed which impact commercially available contact lens solutions might have in such a scenario.Results: We could demonstrate that HCV remains infectious over several days in body fluids like tears, saliva, semen, and cerebrospinal fluid. Only hydrogen-peroxide contact lens solutions were able to efficiently inactivate HCV in a suspension test.Conclusion: These results indicate that HCV, once it is present in various body fluids of infected patients, remains infective and could potentially contribute to transmission upon direct contact.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00504/fullhepatitis C virusinfectivitysalivasementearcontact lens solution |
| spellingShingle | Stephanie Pfaender Stephanie Pfaender Fabian A. Helfritz Anindya Siddharta Daniel Todt Daniel Todt Patrick Behrendt Patrick Behrendt Julia Heyden Nina Riebesehl Wiebke Willmann Joerg Steinmann Joerg Steinmann Jan Münch Sandra Ciesek Eike Steinmann Eike Steinmann Environmental Stability and Infectivity of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in Different Human Body Fluids Frontiers in Microbiology hepatitis C virus infectivity saliva semen tear contact lens solution |
| title | Environmental Stability and Infectivity of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in Different Human Body Fluids |
| title_full | Environmental Stability and Infectivity of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in Different Human Body Fluids |
| title_fullStr | Environmental Stability and Infectivity of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in Different Human Body Fluids |
| title_full_unstemmed | Environmental Stability and Infectivity of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in Different Human Body Fluids |
| title_short | Environmental Stability and Infectivity of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in Different Human Body Fluids |
| title_sort | environmental stability and infectivity of hepatitis c virus hcv in different human body fluids |
| topic | hepatitis C virus infectivity saliva semen tear contact lens solution |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00504/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT stephaniepfaender environmentalstabilityandinfectivityofhepatitiscvirushcvindifferenthumanbodyfluids AT stephaniepfaender environmentalstabilityandinfectivityofhepatitiscvirushcvindifferenthumanbodyfluids AT fabianahelfritz environmentalstabilityandinfectivityofhepatitiscvirushcvindifferenthumanbodyfluids AT anindyasiddharta environmentalstabilityandinfectivityofhepatitiscvirushcvindifferenthumanbodyfluids AT danieltodt environmentalstabilityandinfectivityofhepatitiscvirushcvindifferenthumanbodyfluids AT danieltodt environmentalstabilityandinfectivityofhepatitiscvirushcvindifferenthumanbodyfluids AT patrickbehrendt environmentalstabilityandinfectivityofhepatitiscvirushcvindifferenthumanbodyfluids AT patrickbehrendt environmentalstabilityandinfectivityofhepatitiscvirushcvindifferenthumanbodyfluids AT juliaheyden environmentalstabilityandinfectivityofhepatitiscvirushcvindifferenthumanbodyfluids AT ninariebesehl environmentalstabilityandinfectivityofhepatitiscvirushcvindifferenthumanbodyfluids AT wiebkewillmann environmentalstabilityandinfectivityofhepatitiscvirushcvindifferenthumanbodyfluids AT joergsteinmann environmentalstabilityandinfectivityofhepatitiscvirushcvindifferenthumanbodyfluids AT joergsteinmann environmentalstabilityandinfectivityofhepatitiscvirushcvindifferenthumanbodyfluids AT janmunch environmentalstabilityandinfectivityofhepatitiscvirushcvindifferenthumanbodyfluids AT sandraciesek environmentalstabilityandinfectivityofhepatitiscvirushcvindifferenthumanbodyfluids AT eikesteinmann environmentalstabilityandinfectivityofhepatitiscvirushcvindifferenthumanbodyfluids AT eikesteinmann environmentalstabilityandinfectivityofhepatitiscvirushcvindifferenthumanbodyfluids |