Systemic and Lower Respiratory Tract Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Variants in Pediatric Severe COVID-19 and Mis-C
Mucosal immunity plays an important role in the control of viral respiratory infections like SARS-CoV-2. While systemic immune responses against the SARS-2-CoV-2 have been studied in children, there is no information on mucosal antibody response, especially in the lower respiratory tract of children...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/2/270 |
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| author | Juanjie Tang Adrienne G. Randolph Tanya Novak Tracie C. Walker Laura L. Loftis Matt S. Zinter Katherine Irby Surender Khurana |
| author_facet | Juanjie Tang Adrienne G. Randolph Tanya Novak Tracie C. Walker Laura L. Loftis Matt S. Zinter Katherine Irby Surender Khurana |
| author_sort | Juanjie Tang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mucosal immunity plays an important role in the control of viral respiratory infections like SARS-CoV-2. While systemic immune responses against the SARS-2-CoV-2 have been studied in children, there is no information on mucosal antibody response, especially in the lower respiratory tract of children coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and post-infectious multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Therefore, we evaluated neutralizing antibody responses in paired plasma and endotracheal aspirates of pediatric severe, acute COVID-19 or MIS-C patients against SARS-CoV-2 WA1/2020, as well as against variants of concern (VOCs). Neutralizing antibody responses against the SARS-CoV-2 WA1/2020 strain in pediatric plasma were 2-fold or 35-fold higher compared with the matched endotracheal aspirate in COVID-19 or MIS-C patients, respectively. In contrast to plasma, neutralizing antibody responses against the VOCs and variants of interest (VOIs) in endotracheal aspirates were lower, with only one endotracheal aspirate demonstrating neutralizing titers against the Iota, Kappa, Beta, Gamma, and Omicron variants. In conclusion, our findings suggest that children and adolescents with severe COVID-19 or MIS-C have weak mucosal neutralizing antibodies in the trachea against circulating SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and other VOCs, which may have implications for recovery and for re-infection with emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:53:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a5c05c4b19064ec8a78f4558e403106d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:53:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-a5c05c4b19064ec8a78f4558e403106d2023-11-23T22:26:19ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2022-02-0110227010.3390/vaccines10020270Systemic and Lower Respiratory Tract Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Variants in Pediatric Severe COVID-19 and Mis-CJuanjie Tang0Adrienne G. Randolph1Tanya Novak2Tracie C. Walker3Laura L. Loftis4Matt S. Zinter5Katherine Irby6Surender Khurana7Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Division of Viral Products, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD 20993, USADepartment of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USADepartment of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USADepartment of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children’s Hospital, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USADepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USADepartment of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care and Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USADepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Little Rock, AR 72202, USACenter for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Division of Viral Products, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD 20993, USAMucosal immunity plays an important role in the control of viral respiratory infections like SARS-CoV-2. While systemic immune responses against the SARS-2-CoV-2 have been studied in children, there is no information on mucosal antibody response, especially in the lower respiratory tract of children coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and post-infectious multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Therefore, we evaluated neutralizing antibody responses in paired plasma and endotracheal aspirates of pediatric severe, acute COVID-19 or MIS-C patients against SARS-CoV-2 WA1/2020, as well as against variants of concern (VOCs). Neutralizing antibody responses against the SARS-CoV-2 WA1/2020 strain in pediatric plasma were 2-fold or 35-fold higher compared with the matched endotracheal aspirate in COVID-19 or MIS-C patients, respectively. In contrast to plasma, neutralizing antibody responses against the VOCs and variants of interest (VOIs) in endotracheal aspirates were lower, with only one endotracheal aspirate demonstrating neutralizing titers against the Iota, Kappa, Beta, Gamma, and Omicron variants. In conclusion, our findings suggest that children and adolescents with severe COVID-19 or MIS-C have weak mucosal neutralizing antibodies in the trachea against circulating SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and other VOCs, which may have implications for recovery and for re-infection with emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/2/270SARS-CoV-2COVID-19pediatricMIS-Cmucosal immunityneutralization |
| spellingShingle | Juanjie Tang Adrienne G. Randolph Tanya Novak Tracie C. Walker Laura L. Loftis Matt S. Zinter Katherine Irby Surender Khurana Systemic and Lower Respiratory Tract Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Variants in Pediatric Severe COVID-19 and Mis-C Vaccines SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 pediatric MIS-C mucosal immunity neutralization |
| title | Systemic and Lower Respiratory Tract Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Variants in Pediatric Severe COVID-19 and Mis-C |
| title_full | Systemic and Lower Respiratory Tract Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Variants in Pediatric Severe COVID-19 and Mis-C |
| title_fullStr | Systemic and Lower Respiratory Tract Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Variants in Pediatric Severe COVID-19 and Mis-C |
| title_full_unstemmed | Systemic and Lower Respiratory Tract Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Variants in Pediatric Severe COVID-19 and Mis-C |
| title_short | Systemic and Lower Respiratory Tract Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Variants in Pediatric Severe COVID-19 and Mis-C |
| title_sort | systemic and lower respiratory tract immunity to sars cov 2 omicron and variants in pediatric severe covid 19 and mis c |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 pediatric MIS-C mucosal immunity neutralization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/2/270 |
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