Acute toxicity and gene responses induced by endosulfan in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos
Endosulfan has been listed as a persistent organic pollutant, and is frequently found in agricultural environments during monitoring processes owing to its heavy use and persistent characteristics. This study was conducted to understand the effects of endosulfan on the development of zebrafish (Dani...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2016-10-01
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| Series: | Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability |
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| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09542299.2016.1198681 |
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| author | Young-Sun Moon Hwang-Ju Jeon Tae-Hoon Nam Sung-Deuk Choi Byung-Jun Park Yong Sik Ok Sung-Eun Lee |
| author_facet | Young-Sun Moon Hwang-Ju Jeon Tae-Hoon Nam Sung-Deuk Choi Byung-Jun Park Yong Sik Ok Sung-Eun Lee |
| author_sort | Young-Sun Moon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Endosulfan has been listed as a persistent organic pollutant, and is frequently found in agricultural environments during monitoring processes owing to its heavy use and persistent characteristics. This study was conducted to understand the effects of endosulfan on the development of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos by exposing them to a specific range of endosulfan concentrations. Exposing zebrafish embryos to endosulfan for 96 h yielded no acute toxicity until the concentration reached 1500 μg L−1, whereas malformed zebrafish larvae developed severely curved spines and shortened tails. About 50% of zebrafish larvae were malformed when exposed to 600 μg L−1 of endosulfan. Comparative gene expression using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was assessed using endosulfan-exposed zebrafish embryos. CYP1A and CYP3A were significantly enhanced in response to endosulfan treatment. Two genes, acacb and fasn, encoding acetyl-CoA carboxylase b and fatty acid synthase proteins, respectively, were also up-regulated after treating zebrafish embryos with endosulfan. These genes are also involved in fatty acid biosynthesis. The genes encoding vitellogenin and Hsp70 increased in a concentration-dependent manner in embryos. Finally, biochemical studies showed that acetylcholinesterase activity was reduced, whereas glutathione S-transferase and carboxylesterase activities were enhanced in zebrafish embryos after endosulfan treatment. These biochemical and molecular biological differences might be used for tools to determine contamination of endosulfan in the aquatic environment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T13:41:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a5c664f11dda40ce8f11dd57015a69fe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0954-2299 2047-6523 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T13:41:48Z |
| publishDate | 2016-10-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability |
| spelling | doaj.art-a5c664f11dda40ce8f11dd57015a69fe2022-12-21T17:44:50ZengTaylor & Francis GroupChemical Speciation & Bioavailability0954-22992047-65232016-10-01281-410310910.1080/09542299.2016.11986811198681Acute toxicity and gene responses induced by endosulfan in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryosYoung-Sun Moon0Hwang-Ju Jeon1Tae-Hoon Nam2Sung-Deuk Choi3Byung-Jun Park4Yong Sik Ok5Sung-Eun Lee6Kyungpook National UniversityKyungpook National UniversityKyungpook National UniversityUlsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyNational Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development AdministrationKorea Biochar Research Center, Kangwon National UniversityKyungpook National UniversityEndosulfan has been listed as a persistent organic pollutant, and is frequently found in agricultural environments during monitoring processes owing to its heavy use and persistent characteristics. This study was conducted to understand the effects of endosulfan on the development of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos by exposing them to a specific range of endosulfan concentrations. Exposing zebrafish embryos to endosulfan for 96 h yielded no acute toxicity until the concentration reached 1500 μg L−1, whereas malformed zebrafish larvae developed severely curved spines and shortened tails. About 50% of zebrafish larvae were malformed when exposed to 600 μg L−1 of endosulfan. Comparative gene expression using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was assessed using endosulfan-exposed zebrafish embryos. CYP1A and CYP3A were significantly enhanced in response to endosulfan treatment. Two genes, acacb and fasn, encoding acetyl-CoA carboxylase b and fatty acid synthase proteins, respectively, were also up-regulated after treating zebrafish embryos with endosulfan. These genes are also involved in fatty acid biosynthesis. The genes encoding vitellogenin and Hsp70 increased in a concentration-dependent manner in embryos. Finally, biochemical studies showed that acetylcholinesterase activity was reduced, whereas glutathione S-transferase and carboxylesterase activities were enhanced in zebrafish embryos after endosulfan treatment. These biochemical and molecular biological differences might be used for tools to determine contamination of endosulfan in the aquatic environment.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09542299.2016.1198681Zebrafish embryosendosulfanacetyl-CoA carboxylasefatty acid synthaseRT-qPCR |
| spellingShingle | Young-Sun Moon Hwang-Ju Jeon Tae-Hoon Nam Sung-Deuk Choi Byung-Jun Park Yong Sik Ok Sung-Eun Lee Acute toxicity and gene responses induced by endosulfan in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability Zebrafish embryos endosulfan acetyl-CoA carboxylase fatty acid synthase RT-qPCR |
| title | Acute toxicity and gene responses induced by endosulfan in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos |
| title_full | Acute toxicity and gene responses induced by endosulfan in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos |
| title_fullStr | Acute toxicity and gene responses induced by endosulfan in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acute toxicity and gene responses induced by endosulfan in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos |
| title_short | Acute toxicity and gene responses induced by endosulfan in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos |
| title_sort | acute toxicity and gene responses induced by endosulfan in zebrafish danio rerio embryos |
| topic | Zebrafish embryos endosulfan acetyl-CoA carboxylase fatty acid synthase RT-qPCR |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09542299.2016.1198681 |
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