Antiviral Activity of Fermented Ginseng Extracts against a Broad Range of Influenza Viruses
Ginseng products used as herb nutritional supplements are orally consumed and fermented to ginsenoside compounds by the intestinal microbes. In this study, we investigated antiviral protective effects of fermented ginseng extracts against different strains of influenza viruses in genetically diverse...
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MDPI AG
2018-09-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/10/9/471 |
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| author | Ye Wang Yu-Jin Jung Ki-Hye Kim Youngman Kwon Yu-Jin Kim Zhan Zhang Heun-Soo Kang Bao-Zhong Wang Fu-Shi Quan Sang-Moo Kang |
| author_facet | Ye Wang Yu-Jin Jung Ki-Hye Kim Youngman Kwon Yu-Jin Kim Zhan Zhang Heun-Soo Kang Bao-Zhong Wang Fu-Shi Quan Sang-Moo Kang |
| author_sort | Ye Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ginseng products used as herb nutritional supplements are orally consumed and fermented to ginsenoside compounds by the intestinal microbes. In this study, we investigated antiviral protective effects of fermented ginseng extracts against different strains of influenza viruses in genetically diverse mouse models. Intranasal coinoculation of mice with fermented ginseng extract and influenza virus improved survival rates and conferred protection against H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, and H7N9 strains, with the efficacy dependent on the dose of ginseng samples. Antiviral protection by fermented ginseng extract was observed in different genetic backgrounds of mice and in the deficient conditions of key adaptive immune components (CD4, CD8, B cell, MHCII). The mice that survived primary virus inoculation with fermented ginseng extract developed immunity against the secondary infection with homologous and heterosubtypic viruses. In vitro cell culture experiments showed moderate virus neutralizing activity by fermented ginseng extract, probably by inhibiting hemagglutination and neuraminidase activity. This study suggests that fermented ginseng extracts might provide a means to treat influenza disease regardless of virus strains. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T18:28:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a5d49b739c5e419881b56c27e0e15e86 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T18:28:44Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-a5d49b739c5e419881b56c27e0e15e862022-12-21T18:54:21ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152018-09-0110947110.3390/v10090471v10090471Antiviral Activity of Fermented Ginseng Extracts against a Broad Range of Influenza VirusesYe Wang0Yu-Jin Jung1Ki-Hye Kim2Youngman Kwon3Yu-Jin Kim4Zhan Zhang5Heun-Soo Kang6Bao-Zhong Wang7Fu-Shi Quan8Sang-Moo Kang9Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USACenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USACenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USACenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USACenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USACenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USAMetabolab, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, KoreaCenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USACenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USACenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USAGinseng products used as herb nutritional supplements are orally consumed and fermented to ginsenoside compounds by the intestinal microbes. In this study, we investigated antiviral protective effects of fermented ginseng extracts against different strains of influenza viruses in genetically diverse mouse models. Intranasal coinoculation of mice with fermented ginseng extract and influenza virus improved survival rates and conferred protection against H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, and H7N9 strains, with the efficacy dependent on the dose of ginseng samples. Antiviral protection by fermented ginseng extract was observed in different genetic backgrounds of mice and in the deficient conditions of key adaptive immune components (CD4, CD8, B cell, MHCII). The mice that survived primary virus inoculation with fermented ginseng extract developed immunity against the secondary infection with homologous and heterosubtypic viruses. In vitro cell culture experiments showed moderate virus neutralizing activity by fermented ginseng extract, probably by inhibiting hemagglutination and neuraminidase activity. This study suggests that fermented ginseng extracts might provide a means to treat influenza disease regardless of virus strains.http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/10/9/471fermented ginsenginfluenza virusantiviral activityhemagglutininneuraminidase |
| spellingShingle | Ye Wang Yu-Jin Jung Ki-Hye Kim Youngman Kwon Yu-Jin Kim Zhan Zhang Heun-Soo Kang Bao-Zhong Wang Fu-Shi Quan Sang-Moo Kang Antiviral Activity of Fermented Ginseng Extracts against a Broad Range of Influenza Viruses Viruses fermented ginseng influenza virus antiviral activity hemagglutinin neuraminidase |
| title | Antiviral Activity of Fermented Ginseng Extracts against a Broad Range of Influenza Viruses |
| title_full | Antiviral Activity of Fermented Ginseng Extracts against a Broad Range of Influenza Viruses |
| title_fullStr | Antiviral Activity of Fermented Ginseng Extracts against a Broad Range of Influenza Viruses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antiviral Activity of Fermented Ginseng Extracts against a Broad Range of Influenza Viruses |
| title_short | Antiviral Activity of Fermented Ginseng Extracts against a Broad Range of Influenza Viruses |
| title_sort | antiviral activity of fermented ginseng extracts against a broad range of influenza viruses |
| topic | fermented ginseng influenza virus antiviral activity hemagglutinin neuraminidase |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/10/9/471 |
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