Comparative evaluation of authorized drugs for treating Covid‐19 patients
Abstract Background and Aims Vaccines are the first line of defense against coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19). However, the antiviral drugs provide a new tool to fight the Covid‐19 pandemic. Here we aimed for a comparative evaluation of authorized drugs for treating Covid‐19 patients. Methods We s...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Health Science Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.671 |
| _version_ | 1811339970459205632 |
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| author | Towhidul Islam Moynul Hasan Mohammad Saydur Rahman Md. Rabiul Islam |
| author_facet | Towhidul Islam Moynul Hasan Mohammad Saydur Rahman Md. Rabiul Islam |
| author_sort | Towhidul Islam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background and Aims Vaccines are the first line of defense against coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19). However, the antiviral drugs provide a new tool to fight the Covid‐19 pandemic. Here we aimed for a comparative evaluation of authorized drugs for treating Covid‐19 patients. Methods We searched in PubMed and Google Scholar using keywords and terms such as Covid, SARS‐CoV‐2, Coronavirus disease 2019, therapeutic management, hospitalized Covid‐19 patients, Covid‐19 treatment. We also gathered information from reputed newspapers, web portals, and websites. We thoroughly observed, screened, and included the studies relevant to our inclusion criteria. We included only the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized drugs for this review. Results We found that molnupiravir and paxlovid are available for oral use, and remdesivir is for only hospitalized patients. Paxlovid is a combination of nirmatrelvir and ritonavir, nirmatrelvir is a protease inhibitor (ritonavir increases the concentration of nirmatrelvir), and the other two (remdesivir and molnupiravir) are nucleoside analog prodrugs. Remdesivir and molnupiravir doses do not need to adjust in renal and hepatic impairment. However, the paxlovid dose adjustment is required for mild to moderate renal or hepatic impaired patients. Also, the drug is not allowed for Covid‐19 patients with severe renal or hepatic impairment. Preliminary studies showed oral antiviral drugs significantly reduce hospitalization or death among mild to severe patients. Moreover, the US FDA has approved four monoclonal antibodies for Covid‐19 treatment. Studies suggest that these drugs would reduce the risk of hospitalization or severity of symptoms. World Health Organization strongly recommended the use of corticosteroids along with other antiviral drugs for severe or critically hospitalized patients. Conclusion All authorized drugs are effective in inhibiting viral replication for most SARS‐CoV‐2 variants. Therefore, along with vaccines, these drugs might potentially aid in fighting the Covid‐19 pandemic. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T18:35:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a5f2d7418ca943e2846e5f69ea1bf46d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2398-8835 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T18:35:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Health Science Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-a5f2d7418ca943e2846e5f69ea1bf46d2022-12-22T02:34:55ZengWileyHealth Science Reports2398-88352022-07-0154n/an/a10.1002/hsr2.671Comparative evaluation of authorized drugs for treating Covid‐19 patientsTowhidul Islam0Moynul Hasan1Mohammad Saydur Rahman2Md. Rabiul Islam3Department of Pharmacy University of Asia Pacific Dhaka BangladeshDepartment of Pharmacy Jagannath University Dhaka BangladeshDepartment of Pharmacy Jagannath University Dhaka BangladeshDepartment of Pharmacy University of Asia Pacific Dhaka BangladeshAbstract Background and Aims Vaccines are the first line of defense against coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19). However, the antiviral drugs provide a new tool to fight the Covid‐19 pandemic. Here we aimed for a comparative evaluation of authorized drugs for treating Covid‐19 patients. Methods We searched in PubMed and Google Scholar using keywords and terms such as Covid, SARS‐CoV‐2, Coronavirus disease 2019, therapeutic management, hospitalized Covid‐19 patients, Covid‐19 treatment. We also gathered information from reputed newspapers, web portals, and websites. We thoroughly observed, screened, and included the studies relevant to our inclusion criteria. We included only the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized drugs for this review. Results We found that molnupiravir and paxlovid are available for oral use, and remdesivir is for only hospitalized patients. Paxlovid is a combination of nirmatrelvir and ritonavir, nirmatrelvir is a protease inhibitor (ritonavir increases the concentration of nirmatrelvir), and the other two (remdesivir and molnupiravir) are nucleoside analog prodrugs. Remdesivir and molnupiravir doses do not need to adjust in renal and hepatic impairment. However, the paxlovid dose adjustment is required for mild to moderate renal or hepatic impaired patients. Also, the drug is not allowed for Covid‐19 patients with severe renal or hepatic impairment. Preliminary studies showed oral antiviral drugs significantly reduce hospitalization or death among mild to severe patients. Moreover, the US FDA has approved four monoclonal antibodies for Covid‐19 treatment. Studies suggest that these drugs would reduce the risk of hospitalization or severity of symptoms. World Health Organization strongly recommended the use of corticosteroids along with other antiviral drugs for severe or critically hospitalized patients. Conclusion All authorized drugs are effective in inhibiting viral replication for most SARS‐CoV‐2 variants. Therefore, along with vaccines, these drugs might potentially aid in fighting the Covid‐19 pandemic.https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.671antiviralsCovid‐19dexamethasonemolnupiravirmonoclonal antibodypaxlovid |
| spellingShingle | Towhidul Islam Moynul Hasan Mohammad Saydur Rahman Md. Rabiul Islam Comparative evaluation of authorized drugs for treating Covid‐19 patients Health Science Reports antivirals Covid‐19 dexamethasone molnupiravir monoclonal antibody paxlovid |
| title | Comparative evaluation of authorized drugs for treating Covid‐19 patients |
| title_full | Comparative evaluation of authorized drugs for treating Covid‐19 patients |
| title_fullStr | Comparative evaluation of authorized drugs for treating Covid‐19 patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative evaluation of authorized drugs for treating Covid‐19 patients |
| title_short | Comparative evaluation of authorized drugs for treating Covid‐19 patients |
| title_sort | comparative evaluation of authorized drugs for treating covid 19 patients |
| topic | antivirals Covid‐19 dexamethasone molnupiravir monoclonal antibody paxlovid |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.671 |
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