The Influence of Blast Furnace Slag on Cement Concrete Road by Microstructure Characterization and Assessment of Physical-Mechanical Resistances at 150/480 Days
The results presented in this paper on the appropriateness of using of blast furnace slag (BFS) in the composition of roads make an original contribution to the development of sustainable materials with the aim to reduce the carbon footprint and the consumption of natural resources. The novelty of t...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/9/3332 |
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| author | Liliana Maria Nicula Daniela Lucia Manea Dorina Simedru Oana Cadar Anca Becze Mihai Liviu Dragomir |
| author_facet | Liliana Maria Nicula Daniela Lucia Manea Dorina Simedru Oana Cadar Anca Becze Mihai Liviu Dragomir |
| author_sort | Liliana Maria Nicula |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The results presented in this paper on the appropriateness of using of blast furnace slag (BFS) in the composition of roads make an original contribution to the development of sustainable materials with the aim to reduce the carbon footprint and the consumption of natural resources. The novelty of this work consists of determining the optimal percentage of BSF in road concrete, in order to: increase mechanical resistances, reduce contractions in the hardening process, and ensure increased corrosion resistances, even superior to classic cement-based mixtures. Thus, the physical-mechanical characteristics and the microstructure of some road concretes were studied in the laboratory for three different recipes. We kept the same amount of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as a substitute for Portland cement, respectively three percentages of 20%, 40%, 60% air-cooled blast furnace slag (ACBFS) and crushed as sand substitute from now on called S54/20, S54/40, S54/60. Drying shrinkage, mechanical resistances, carbonation-induced corrosion, microstructure characterization of hardened concretes, and degree of crystallinity by SEM and XRD measurements were analyzed after a longer curing period of 150/480 days. The obtained results on the three BSF mixtures indicated a reduction of drying shrinkage and implicitly increased the tensile resistance by bending to 150 days well above the level of the blank composition. The degree of crystallinity and the content of the majority phases of the mineralogical compounds, albites, quartz, and tobermorite out of the three BSF samples justifies the increase in the compressive strengths at the age of 480 days in comparison with the test samples. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction measurements showed the highest compactness and lowest portlandite crystal content for the S54/20 slag composite. Future research concerns are the realization of experimental sections in situ, the study of the influence of BFS on the elasticity module of road concrete, and the opportunity to use other green materials that can contribute to the reduction of the carbon footprint, keeping the physical and mechanical properties of road concrete at a high level. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:14:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-a5f93f3a06f44b1197030feab65f69062023-11-17T23:14:38ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-04-01169333210.3390/ma16093332The Influence of Blast Furnace Slag on Cement Concrete Road by Microstructure Characterization and Assessment of Physical-Mechanical Resistances at 150/480 DaysLiliana Maria Nicula0Daniela Lucia Manea1Dorina Simedru2Oana Cadar3Anca Becze4Mihai Liviu Dragomir5Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 28, Memorandumului Street, 400114 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaFaculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 28, Memorandumului Street, 400114 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaINCDO-INOE2000, Subsidiary Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Cluj-Napoca, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaINCDO-INOE2000, Subsidiary Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Cluj-Napoca, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaINCDO-INOE2000, Subsidiary Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Cluj-Napoca, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaFaculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 28, Memorandumului Street, 400114 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaThe results presented in this paper on the appropriateness of using of blast furnace slag (BFS) in the composition of roads make an original contribution to the development of sustainable materials with the aim to reduce the carbon footprint and the consumption of natural resources. The novelty of this work consists of determining the optimal percentage of BSF in road concrete, in order to: increase mechanical resistances, reduce contractions in the hardening process, and ensure increased corrosion resistances, even superior to classic cement-based mixtures. Thus, the physical-mechanical characteristics and the microstructure of some road concretes were studied in the laboratory for three different recipes. We kept the same amount of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as a substitute for Portland cement, respectively three percentages of 20%, 40%, 60% air-cooled blast furnace slag (ACBFS) and crushed as sand substitute from now on called S54/20, S54/40, S54/60. Drying shrinkage, mechanical resistances, carbonation-induced corrosion, microstructure characterization of hardened concretes, and degree of crystallinity by SEM and XRD measurements were analyzed after a longer curing period of 150/480 days. The obtained results on the three BSF mixtures indicated a reduction of drying shrinkage and implicitly increased the tensile resistance by bending to 150 days well above the level of the blank composition. The degree of crystallinity and the content of the majority phases of the mineralogical compounds, albites, quartz, and tobermorite out of the three BSF samples justifies the increase in the compressive strengths at the age of 480 days in comparison with the test samples. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction measurements showed the highest compactness and lowest portlandite crystal content for the S54/20 slag composite. Future research concerns are the realization of experimental sections in situ, the study of the influence of BFS on the elasticity module of road concrete, and the opportunity to use other green materials that can contribute to the reduction of the carbon footprint, keeping the physical and mechanical properties of road concrete at a high level.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/9/3332concrete shrinkagemechanical resistancescarbonationconcrete microstructureground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS)air cooled blast furnace slag (ACBFS) |
| spellingShingle | Liliana Maria Nicula Daniela Lucia Manea Dorina Simedru Oana Cadar Anca Becze Mihai Liviu Dragomir The Influence of Blast Furnace Slag on Cement Concrete Road by Microstructure Characterization and Assessment of Physical-Mechanical Resistances at 150/480 Days Materials concrete shrinkage mechanical resistances carbonation concrete microstructure ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) air cooled blast furnace slag (ACBFS) |
| title | The Influence of Blast Furnace Slag on Cement Concrete Road by Microstructure Characterization and Assessment of Physical-Mechanical Resistances at 150/480 Days |
| title_full | The Influence of Blast Furnace Slag on Cement Concrete Road by Microstructure Characterization and Assessment of Physical-Mechanical Resistances at 150/480 Days |
| title_fullStr | The Influence of Blast Furnace Slag on Cement Concrete Road by Microstructure Characterization and Assessment of Physical-Mechanical Resistances at 150/480 Days |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Influence of Blast Furnace Slag on Cement Concrete Road by Microstructure Characterization and Assessment of Physical-Mechanical Resistances at 150/480 Days |
| title_short | The Influence of Blast Furnace Slag on Cement Concrete Road by Microstructure Characterization and Assessment of Physical-Mechanical Resistances at 150/480 Days |
| title_sort | influence of blast furnace slag on cement concrete road by microstructure characterization and assessment of physical mechanical resistances at 150 480 days |
| topic | concrete shrinkage mechanical resistances carbonation concrete microstructure ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) air cooled blast furnace slag (ACBFS) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/9/3332 |
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