Quantum sensing of electric field distributions of liquid electrolytes with NV-centers in nanodiamonds
To use batteries as large-scale energy storage systems it is necessary to measure and understand their degradation in-situ and in-operando . As a battery’s degradation is often the result of molecular processes inside the electrolyte, a sensing platform which allows to measure the ions with a high s...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | New Journal of Physics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/acf392 |
| _version_ | 1827824638036541440 |
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| author | M Hollendonner S Sharma S K Parthasarathy D B R Dasari A Finkler S V Kusminskiy R Nagy |
| author_facet | M Hollendonner S Sharma S K Parthasarathy D B R Dasari A Finkler S V Kusminskiy R Nagy |
| author_sort | M Hollendonner |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To use batteries as large-scale energy storage systems it is necessary to measure and understand their degradation in-situ and in-operando . As a battery’s degradation is often the result of molecular processes inside the electrolyte, a sensing platform which allows to measure the ions with a high spatial resolution is needed. Primary candidates for such a platform are NV-centers in diamonds. We propose to use a single NV-center to deduce the electric field distribution generated by the ions inside the electrolyte through microwave pulse sequences. We show that the electric field can be reconstructed with great accuracy by using a protocol which includes different variations of the free induction decay to obtain the mean electric field components and a pulse sequence consisting of three polarized π -pulses to measure the electric field’s standard deviation $\sigma_\textrm E$ . From a semi-analytical ansatz we find that for a lithium ion battery there is a direct relationship between $\sigma_\textrm E$ and the ionic concentration. Our results show that it is therefore possible to use NV-centers as sensors to measure both the electric field distribution and the local ionic concentration inside electrolytes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T02:29:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a606697972394331a10190473fb89135 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1367-2630 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T02:29:13Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | New Journal of Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-a606697972394331a10190473fb891352023-09-05T09:53:46ZengIOP PublishingNew Journal of Physics1367-26302023-01-0125909300810.1088/1367-2630/acf392Quantum sensing of electric field distributions of liquid electrolytes with NV-centers in nanodiamondsM Hollendonner0S Sharma1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9013-6208S K Parthasarathy2D B R Dasari3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7899-6755A Finkler4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8034-4000S V Kusminskiy5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6373-7478R Nagy6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0826-0870Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light , 91058 Erlangen, GermanyMax Planck Institute for the Science of Light , 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, RWTH Aachen University , 52074 Aachen, GermanyFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology (IISB) , 91058 Erlangen, Germany3. Physikalisches Institut, ZAQuant, University of Stuttgart , 70569 Stuttgart, GermanyDepartment of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 7610001, IsraelMax Planck Institute for the Science of Light , 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, RWTH Aachen University , 52074 Aachen, GermanyFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, GermanyTo use batteries as large-scale energy storage systems it is necessary to measure and understand their degradation in-situ and in-operando . As a battery’s degradation is often the result of molecular processes inside the electrolyte, a sensing platform which allows to measure the ions with a high spatial resolution is needed. Primary candidates for such a platform are NV-centers in diamonds. We propose to use a single NV-center to deduce the electric field distribution generated by the ions inside the electrolyte through microwave pulse sequences. We show that the electric field can be reconstructed with great accuracy by using a protocol which includes different variations of the free induction decay to obtain the mean electric field components and a pulse sequence consisting of three polarized π -pulses to measure the electric field’s standard deviation $\sigma_\textrm E$ . From a semi-analytical ansatz we find that for a lithium ion battery there is a direct relationship between $\sigma_\textrm E$ and the ionic concentration. Our results show that it is therefore possible to use NV-centers as sensors to measure both the electric field distribution and the local ionic concentration inside electrolytes.https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/acf392NV-Centerquantum sensingnano diamondsbattery cellselectrolyte |
| spellingShingle | M Hollendonner S Sharma S K Parthasarathy D B R Dasari A Finkler S V Kusminskiy R Nagy Quantum sensing of electric field distributions of liquid electrolytes with NV-centers in nanodiamonds New Journal of Physics NV-Center quantum sensing nano diamonds battery cells electrolyte |
| title | Quantum sensing of electric field distributions of liquid electrolytes with NV-centers in nanodiamonds |
| title_full | Quantum sensing of electric field distributions of liquid electrolytes with NV-centers in nanodiamonds |
| title_fullStr | Quantum sensing of electric field distributions of liquid electrolytes with NV-centers in nanodiamonds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantum sensing of electric field distributions of liquid electrolytes with NV-centers in nanodiamonds |
| title_short | Quantum sensing of electric field distributions of liquid electrolytes with NV-centers in nanodiamonds |
| title_sort | quantum sensing of electric field distributions of liquid electrolytes with nv centers in nanodiamonds |
| topic | NV-Center quantum sensing nano diamonds battery cells electrolyte |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/acf392 |
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