Teicoplanin Suppresses Vegetative <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> and Spore Outgrowth
In recent decades, the incidence of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection (CDI) has remained high in both community and health-care settings. With the increasing rate of treatment failures and its ability to form spores, an alternative treatment for CDI has become a global priority....
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/8/984 |
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| author | Suvash Chandra Ojha Matthew Phanchana Phurt Harnvoravongchai Surang Chankhamhaengdecha Sombat Singhakaew Puey Ounjai Tavan Janvilisri |
| author_facet | Suvash Chandra Ojha Matthew Phanchana Phurt Harnvoravongchai Surang Chankhamhaengdecha Sombat Singhakaew Puey Ounjai Tavan Janvilisri |
| author_sort | Suvash Chandra Ojha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent decades, the incidence of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection (CDI) has remained high in both community and health-care settings. With the increasing rate of treatment failures and its ability to form spores, an alternative treatment for CDI has become a global priority. We used the microdilution assay to determine minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of vancomycin and teicoplanin against 30 distinct <i>C. difficile</i> strains isolated from various host origins. We also examined the effect of drugs on spore germination and outgrowth by following the development of OD<sub>600</sub>. Finally, we confirmed the spore germination and cell stages by microscopy. We showed that teicoplanin exhibited lower MICs compared to vancomycin in all tested isolates. MICs of teicoplanin ranged from 0.03–0.25 µg/mL, while vancomycin ranged from 0.5–4 µg/mL. Exposure of <i>C. difficile</i> spores to broth supplemented with various concentrations of antimicrobial agents did not affect the initiation of germination, but the outgrowth to vegetative cells was inhibited by all test compounds. This finding was concordant with aberrant vegetative cells after antibiotic treatment observed by light microscopy. This work highlights the efficiency of teicoplanin for treatment of <i>C. difficile</i> through prevention of vegetative cell outgrowth. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:03:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a6068ee589924719ba35e97d46ac2778 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:03:32Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-a6068ee589924719ba35e97d46ac27782023-11-22T06:34:15ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822021-08-0110898410.3390/antibiotics10080984Teicoplanin Suppresses Vegetative <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> and Spore OutgrowthSuvash Chandra Ojha0Matthew Phanchana1Phurt Harnvoravongchai2Surang Chankhamhaengdecha3Sombat Singhakaew4Puey Ounjai5Tavan Janvilisri6Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, ThailandDepartment of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, ThailandDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, ThailandDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, ThailandDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, ThailandDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, ThailandDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, ThailandIn recent decades, the incidence of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection (CDI) has remained high in both community and health-care settings. With the increasing rate of treatment failures and its ability to form spores, an alternative treatment for CDI has become a global priority. We used the microdilution assay to determine minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of vancomycin and teicoplanin against 30 distinct <i>C. difficile</i> strains isolated from various host origins. We also examined the effect of drugs on spore germination and outgrowth by following the development of OD<sub>600</sub>. Finally, we confirmed the spore germination and cell stages by microscopy. We showed that teicoplanin exhibited lower MICs compared to vancomycin in all tested isolates. MICs of teicoplanin ranged from 0.03–0.25 µg/mL, while vancomycin ranged from 0.5–4 µg/mL. Exposure of <i>C. difficile</i> spores to broth supplemented with various concentrations of antimicrobial agents did not affect the initiation of germination, but the outgrowth to vegetative cells was inhibited by all test compounds. This finding was concordant with aberrant vegetative cells after antibiotic treatment observed by light microscopy. This work highlights the efficiency of teicoplanin for treatment of <i>C. difficile</i> through prevention of vegetative cell outgrowth.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/8/984teicoplanin<i>Clostridioides difficile</i>sporeantibiotics |
| spellingShingle | Suvash Chandra Ojha Matthew Phanchana Phurt Harnvoravongchai Surang Chankhamhaengdecha Sombat Singhakaew Puey Ounjai Tavan Janvilisri Teicoplanin Suppresses Vegetative <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> and Spore Outgrowth Antibiotics teicoplanin <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> spore antibiotics |
| title | Teicoplanin Suppresses Vegetative <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> and Spore Outgrowth |
| title_full | Teicoplanin Suppresses Vegetative <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> and Spore Outgrowth |
| title_fullStr | Teicoplanin Suppresses Vegetative <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> and Spore Outgrowth |
| title_full_unstemmed | Teicoplanin Suppresses Vegetative <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> and Spore Outgrowth |
| title_short | Teicoplanin Suppresses Vegetative <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> and Spore Outgrowth |
| title_sort | teicoplanin suppresses vegetative i clostridioides difficile i and spore outgrowth |
| topic | teicoplanin <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> spore antibiotics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/8/984 |
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