Direct-Continuous Preparation of Nanostructured Titania-Silica Using Surfactant-Free Non-Scaffold Rice Starch Template
The conventional synthesis route of nanostructured titania-silica (Ti-SiNS) based on sol-gel requires the use of a surfactant-type template that suffers from hazardous risks, environmental concerns, and a tedious stepwise process. Alternatively, biomaterials have been introduced as an indirect templ...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-07-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/8/7/514 |
| _version_ | 1818584245006761984 |
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| author | Juan Matmin Irwan Affendi Salasiah Endud |
| author_facet | Juan Matmin Irwan Affendi Salasiah Endud |
| author_sort | Juan Matmin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The conventional synthesis route of nanostructured titania-silica (Ti-SiNS) based on sol-gel requires the use of a surfactant-type template that suffers from hazardous risks, environmental concerns, and a tedious stepwise process. Alternatively, biomaterials have been introduced as an indirect template, but still required for pre-suspended scaffold structures, which hinder their practical application. Herein, we report an easy and industrially viable direct-continuous strategy for the preparation of Ti-SiNS from nanostructured-silica (SiNS) using a hydrolyzed rice starch template. This strategy fits into the conventional industrial process flow, as it allows starch to be used directly in time-effective and less complicated steps, with the potential to upscale. The formation of Ti-SiNS is mainly attributed to Ti attachment in the SiNS frameworks after the polycondensation of the sol-gel composition under acidic-media. The SiNS had pseudo-spherical morphology (nanoparticles with the size of 13 to 22 nm), short order crystal structure (amorphous) and high surface area (538.74 m2·g−1). The functionalized SiNS into Ti-SiNS delivered considerable catalytic activity for epoxidation of 1-naphtol into 1,4-naphthoquinone. The described direct-continuous preparation shows great promise for a cheap, green, and efficient synthesis of Ti-SiNS for advanced applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T08:18:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a608a2c1e8ea450a981dd394666e65b9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T08:18:06Z |
| publishDate | 2018-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-a608a2c1e8ea450a981dd394666e65b92022-12-21T22:38:12ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912018-07-018751410.3390/nano8070514nano8070514Direct-Continuous Preparation of Nanostructured Titania-Silica Using Surfactant-Free Non-Scaffold Rice Starch TemplateJuan Matmin0Irwan Affendi1Salasiah Endud2Centre of Foundation Studies UiTM, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Dengkil, Dengkil 43800, Selangor, MalaysiaCentre of Foundation Studies UiTM, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Dengkil, Dengkil 43800, Selangor, MalaysiaChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Johor, MalaysiaThe conventional synthesis route of nanostructured titania-silica (Ti-SiNS) based on sol-gel requires the use of a surfactant-type template that suffers from hazardous risks, environmental concerns, and a tedious stepwise process. Alternatively, biomaterials have been introduced as an indirect template, but still required for pre-suspended scaffold structures, which hinder their practical application. Herein, we report an easy and industrially viable direct-continuous strategy for the preparation of Ti-SiNS from nanostructured-silica (SiNS) using a hydrolyzed rice starch template. This strategy fits into the conventional industrial process flow, as it allows starch to be used directly in time-effective and less complicated steps, with the potential to upscale. The formation of Ti-SiNS is mainly attributed to Ti attachment in the SiNS frameworks after the polycondensation of the sol-gel composition under acidic-media. The SiNS had pseudo-spherical morphology (nanoparticles with the size of 13 to 22 nm), short order crystal structure (amorphous) and high surface area (538.74 m2·g−1). The functionalized SiNS into Ti-SiNS delivered considerable catalytic activity for epoxidation of 1-naphtol into 1,4-naphthoquinone. The described direct-continuous preparation shows great promise for a cheap, green, and efficient synthesis of Ti-SiNS for advanced applications.http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/8/7/514nanostructured silicasurfactant-freenon-scaffold templatedirect-continuous preparationsol-gel synthesis |
| spellingShingle | Juan Matmin Irwan Affendi Salasiah Endud Direct-Continuous Preparation of Nanostructured Titania-Silica Using Surfactant-Free Non-Scaffold Rice Starch Template Nanomaterials nanostructured silica surfactant-free non-scaffold template direct-continuous preparation sol-gel synthesis |
| title | Direct-Continuous Preparation of Nanostructured Titania-Silica Using Surfactant-Free Non-Scaffold Rice Starch Template |
| title_full | Direct-Continuous Preparation of Nanostructured Titania-Silica Using Surfactant-Free Non-Scaffold Rice Starch Template |
| title_fullStr | Direct-Continuous Preparation of Nanostructured Titania-Silica Using Surfactant-Free Non-Scaffold Rice Starch Template |
| title_full_unstemmed | Direct-Continuous Preparation of Nanostructured Titania-Silica Using Surfactant-Free Non-Scaffold Rice Starch Template |
| title_short | Direct-Continuous Preparation of Nanostructured Titania-Silica Using Surfactant-Free Non-Scaffold Rice Starch Template |
| title_sort | direct continuous preparation of nanostructured titania silica using surfactant free non scaffold rice starch template |
| topic | nanostructured silica surfactant-free non-scaffold template direct-continuous preparation sol-gel synthesis |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/8/7/514 |
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