Genetic Influence on Gyral Peaks
Genetic mechanisms have been hypothesized to be a major determinant in the formation of cortical folding. Although there is an increasing number of studies examining the heritability of cortical folding, most of them focus on sulcal pits rather than gyral peaks. Gyral peaks, which reflect the highes...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-10-01
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| Series: | NeuroImage |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811923004950 |
| _version_ | 1797683214002683904 |
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| author | Ying Huang Tuo Zhang Songyao Zhang Weihan Zhang Li Yang Dajiang Zhu Tianming Liu Xi Jiang Junwei Han Lei Guo |
| author_facet | Ying Huang Tuo Zhang Songyao Zhang Weihan Zhang Li Yang Dajiang Zhu Tianming Liu Xi Jiang Junwei Han Lei Guo |
| author_sort | Ying Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Genetic mechanisms have been hypothesized to be a major determinant in the formation of cortical folding. Although there is an increasing number of studies examining the heritability of cortical folding, most of them focus on sulcal pits rather than gyral peaks. Gyral peaks, which reflect the highest local foci on gyri and are consistent across individuals, remain unstudied in terms of heritability. To address this knowledge gap, we used high-resolution data from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) to perform classical twin analysis and estimate the heritability of gyral peaks across various brain regions. Our results showed that the heritability of gyral peaks was heterogeneous across different cortical regions, but relatively symmetric between hemispheres. We also found that pits and peaks are different in a variety of anatomic and functional measures. Further, we explored the relationship between the levels of heritability and the formation of cortical folding by utilizing the evolutionary timeline of gyrification. Our findings indicate that the heritability estimates of both gyral peaks and sulcal pits decrease linearly with the evolution timeline of gyrification. This suggests that the cortical folds which formed earlier during gyrification are subject to stronger genetic influences than the later ones. Moreover, the pits and peaks coupled by their time of appearance are also positively correlated in respect of their heritability estimates. These results fill the knowledge gap regarding genetic influences on gyral peaks and significantly advance our understanding of how genetic factors shape the formation of cortical folding. The comparison between peaks and pits suggests that peaks are not a simple morphological mirror of pits but could help complete the understanding of folding patterns. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:11:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a625d6f29810474c96bd5048f18cf9d9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1095-9572 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:11:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | NeuroImage |
| spelling | doaj.art-a625d6f29810474c96bd5048f18cf9d92023-09-16T05:28:56ZengElsevierNeuroImage1095-95722023-10-01280120344Genetic Influence on Gyral PeaksYing Huang0Tuo Zhang1Songyao Zhang2Weihan Zhang3Li Yang4Dajiang Zhu5Tianming Liu6Xi Jiang7Junwei Han8Lei Guo9School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China; School of Information and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, ChinaSchool of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China; Corresponding author. Tuo Zhang. School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, No. 1 Dongxiang Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710129, ChinaSchool of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, ChinaSchool of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, ChinaSchool of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, ChinaComputer Science & Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76010, USACortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USASchool of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610056, ChinaSchool of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, ChinaSchool of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, ChinaGenetic mechanisms have been hypothesized to be a major determinant in the formation of cortical folding. Although there is an increasing number of studies examining the heritability of cortical folding, most of them focus on sulcal pits rather than gyral peaks. Gyral peaks, which reflect the highest local foci on gyri and are consistent across individuals, remain unstudied in terms of heritability. To address this knowledge gap, we used high-resolution data from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) to perform classical twin analysis and estimate the heritability of gyral peaks across various brain regions. Our results showed that the heritability of gyral peaks was heterogeneous across different cortical regions, but relatively symmetric between hemispheres. We also found that pits and peaks are different in a variety of anatomic and functional measures. Further, we explored the relationship between the levels of heritability and the formation of cortical folding by utilizing the evolutionary timeline of gyrification. Our findings indicate that the heritability estimates of both gyral peaks and sulcal pits decrease linearly with the evolution timeline of gyrification. This suggests that the cortical folds which formed earlier during gyrification are subject to stronger genetic influences than the later ones. Moreover, the pits and peaks coupled by their time of appearance are also positively correlated in respect of their heritability estimates. These results fill the knowledge gap regarding genetic influences on gyral peaks and significantly advance our understanding of how genetic factors shape the formation of cortical folding. The comparison between peaks and pits suggests that peaks are not a simple morphological mirror of pits but could help complete the understanding of folding patterns.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811923004950Cortical foldingGyral PeaksGenetic influence |
| spellingShingle | Ying Huang Tuo Zhang Songyao Zhang Weihan Zhang Li Yang Dajiang Zhu Tianming Liu Xi Jiang Junwei Han Lei Guo Genetic Influence on Gyral Peaks NeuroImage Cortical folding Gyral Peaks Genetic influence |
| title | Genetic Influence on Gyral Peaks |
| title_full | Genetic Influence on Gyral Peaks |
| title_fullStr | Genetic Influence on Gyral Peaks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic Influence on Gyral Peaks |
| title_short | Genetic Influence on Gyral Peaks |
| title_sort | genetic influence on gyral peaks |
| topic | Cortical folding Gyral Peaks Genetic influence |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811923004950 |
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