The use of milk Fourier transform mid-infrared spectra and milk yield to estimate heat production as a measure of efficiency of dairy cows
Abstract Background Transformation of feed energy ingested by ruminants into milk is accompanied by energy losses via fecal and urine excretions, fermentation gases and heat. Heat production may differ among dairy cows despite comparable milk yield and body weight. Therefore, heat production can be...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40104-020-00455-0 |
| _version_ | 1828461990088015872 |
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| author | Sadjad Danesh Mesgaran Anja Eggert Peter Höckels Michael Derno Björn Kuhla |
| author_facet | Sadjad Danesh Mesgaran Anja Eggert Peter Höckels Michael Derno Björn Kuhla |
| author_sort | Sadjad Danesh Mesgaran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Transformation of feed energy ingested by ruminants into milk is accompanied by energy losses via fecal and urine excretions, fermentation gases and heat. Heat production may differ among dairy cows despite comparable milk yield and body weight. Therefore, heat production can be considered an indicator of metabolic efficiency and directly measured in respiration chambers. The latter is an accurate but time-consuming technique. In contrast, milk Fourier transform mid-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is an inexpensive high-throughput method and used to estimate different physiological traits in cows. Thus, this study aimed to develop a heat production prediction model using heat production measurements in respiration chambers, milk FTIR spectra and milk yield measurements from dairy cows. Methods Heat production was computed based on the animal’s consumed oxygen, and produced carbon dioxide and methane in respiration chambers. Heat production data included 168 24-h-observations from 64 German Holstein and 20 dual-purpose Simmental cows. Animals were milked twice daily at 07:00 and 16:30 h in the respiration chambers. Milk yield was determined to predict heat production using a linear regression. Milk samples were collected from each milking and FTIR spectra were obtained with MilkoScan FT 6000. The average or milk yield-weighted average of the absorption spectra from the morning and afternoon milking were calculated to obtain a computed spectrum. A total of 288 wavenumbers per spectrum and the corresponding milk yield were used to develop the heat production model using partial least squares (PLS) regression. Results Measured heat production of studied animals ranged between 712 and 1470 kJ/kg BW0.75. The coefficient of determination for the linear regression between milk yield and heat production was 0.46, whereas it was 0.23 for the FTIR spectra-based PLS model. The PLS prediction model using weighted average spectra and milk yield resulted in a cross-validation variance of 57% and a root mean square error of prediction of 86.5 kJ/kg BW0.75. The ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) was 1.56. Conclusion The PLS model using weighted average FTIR spectra and milk yield has higher potential to predict heat production of dairy cows than models applying FTIR spectra or milk yield only. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T02:29:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a62c9777b78a4698b1d0eef9952fa96d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2049-1891 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T02:29:35Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a62c9777b78a4698b1d0eef9952fa96d2022-12-22T01:23:52ZengBMCJournal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2049-18912020-05-011111910.1186/s40104-020-00455-0The use of milk Fourier transform mid-infrared spectra and milk yield to estimate heat production as a measure of efficiency of dairy cowsSadjad Danesh Mesgaran0Anja Eggert1Peter Höckels2Michael Derno3Björn Kuhla4Institute of Nutritional Physiology “Oskar Kellner,” Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN)Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Leibniz Institute for Farm Anih8mal Biology (FBN)IfM GmbH & Co. KG - Institut für Milchuntersuchung (Milk Testing Services North Rhine-Westphalia)Institute of Nutritional Physiology “Oskar Kellner,” Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN)Institute of Nutritional Physiology “Oskar Kellner,” Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN)Abstract Background Transformation of feed energy ingested by ruminants into milk is accompanied by energy losses via fecal and urine excretions, fermentation gases and heat. Heat production may differ among dairy cows despite comparable milk yield and body weight. Therefore, heat production can be considered an indicator of metabolic efficiency and directly measured in respiration chambers. The latter is an accurate but time-consuming technique. In contrast, milk Fourier transform mid-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is an inexpensive high-throughput method and used to estimate different physiological traits in cows. Thus, this study aimed to develop a heat production prediction model using heat production measurements in respiration chambers, milk FTIR spectra and milk yield measurements from dairy cows. Methods Heat production was computed based on the animal’s consumed oxygen, and produced carbon dioxide and methane in respiration chambers. Heat production data included 168 24-h-observations from 64 German Holstein and 20 dual-purpose Simmental cows. Animals were milked twice daily at 07:00 and 16:30 h in the respiration chambers. Milk yield was determined to predict heat production using a linear regression. Milk samples were collected from each milking and FTIR spectra were obtained with MilkoScan FT 6000. The average or milk yield-weighted average of the absorption spectra from the morning and afternoon milking were calculated to obtain a computed spectrum. A total of 288 wavenumbers per spectrum and the corresponding milk yield were used to develop the heat production model using partial least squares (PLS) regression. Results Measured heat production of studied animals ranged between 712 and 1470 kJ/kg BW0.75. The coefficient of determination for the linear regression between milk yield and heat production was 0.46, whereas it was 0.23 for the FTIR spectra-based PLS model. The PLS prediction model using weighted average spectra and milk yield resulted in a cross-validation variance of 57% and a root mean square error of prediction of 86.5 kJ/kg BW0.75. The ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) was 1.56. Conclusion The PLS model using weighted average FTIR spectra and milk yield has higher potential to predict heat production of dairy cows than models applying FTIR spectra or milk yield only.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40104-020-00455-0Dairy cattleHeat productionMilk spectraPartial least square regressionRespiration chamber |
| spellingShingle | Sadjad Danesh Mesgaran Anja Eggert Peter Höckels Michael Derno Björn Kuhla The use of milk Fourier transform mid-infrared spectra and milk yield to estimate heat production as a measure of efficiency of dairy cows Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology Dairy cattle Heat production Milk spectra Partial least square regression Respiration chamber |
| title | The use of milk Fourier transform mid-infrared spectra and milk yield to estimate heat production as a measure of efficiency of dairy cows |
| title_full | The use of milk Fourier transform mid-infrared spectra and milk yield to estimate heat production as a measure of efficiency of dairy cows |
| title_fullStr | The use of milk Fourier transform mid-infrared spectra and milk yield to estimate heat production as a measure of efficiency of dairy cows |
| title_full_unstemmed | The use of milk Fourier transform mid-infrared spectra and milk yield to estimate heat production as a measure of efficiency of dairy cows |
| title_short | The use of milk Fourier transform mid-infrared spectra and milk yield to estimate heat production as a measure of efficiency of dairy cows |
| title_sort | use of milk fourier transform mid infrared spectra and milk yield to estimate heat production as a measure of efficiency of dairy cows |
| topic | Dairy cattle Heat production Milk spectra Partial least square regression Respiration chamber |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40104-020-00455-0 |
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