Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir and Molnupiravir in the Treatment of Mild/Moderate COVID-19: Results of a Real-Life Study
Molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir were the first available oral antivirals (OAs) active against SARS-CoV-2. Trials evaluating the efficacy of OAs involved patients unvaccinated and infected with variants different from those currently circulating. We conducted a retrospective study on patients with conf...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/10/1731 |
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| author | Ivan Gentile Riccardo Scotto Nicola Schiano Moriello Biagio Pinchera Riccardo Villari Emilia Trucillo Luigi Ametrano Ludovica Fusco Giuseppe Castaldo Antonio Riccardo Buonomo Federico II COVID Team |
| author_facet | Ivan Gentile Riccardo Scotto Nicola Schiano Moriello Biagio Pinchera Riccardo Villari Emilia Trucillo Luigi Ametrano Ludovica Fusco Giuseppe Castaldo Antonio Riccardo Buonomo Federico II COVID Team |
| author_sort | Ivan Gentile |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir were the first available oral antivirals (OAs) active against SARS-CoV-2. Trials evaluating the efficacy of OAs involved patients unvaccinated and infected with variants different from those currently circulating. We conducted a retrospective study on patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection treated with OAs during the omicron surge in Italy in order to provide real-life data on the efficacy and safety of OAs during the omicron surge of the COVID-19 pandemic. Among 257 patients, 56.8% received molnupiravir, while 43.2% received nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Patients in the molnupiravir group were older, had a lower body mass index, and had a higher rate of chronic heart disease than those treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Three hospitalizations were recorded in the molnupiravir (2.1%) group and one in the nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (0.9%) group. One patient treated with molnupiravir died. The median time to negativity was 8 days in the nirmatrelvir/ritonavir group vs. 10 days in the molnupiravir group, <i>p</i> < 0.01. We recorded 37 ADRs (mainly dysgeusia, diarrhea, and nausea) in 31 individuals (12.1%). Only two patients (0.8%) treated with molnupiravir terminated treatment due to ADRs. In conclusion, in a population of mostly vaccinated patients treated with OAs, we observed a low rate of hospitalization, death, and adverse drug reactions. These rates were lower than those reported in pivotal trials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:24:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a63032da6acd49c3980b11788fa11597 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:24:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-a63032da6acd49c3980b11788fa115972023-11-24T03:05:05ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2022-10-011010173110.3390/vaccines10101731Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir and Molnupiravir in the Treatment of Mild/Moderate COVID-19: Results of a Real-Life StudyIvan Gentile0Riccardo Scotto1Nicola Schiano Moriello2Biagio Pinchera3Riccardo Villari4Emilia Trucillo5Luigi Ametrano6Ludovica Fusco7Giuseppe Castaldo8Antonio Riccardo Buonomo9Federico II COVID TeamDepartment of Clinical Medicine and Surgery—Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine and Surgery—Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine and Surgery—Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine and Surgery—Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine and Surgery—Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine and Surgery—Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine and Surgery—Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine and Surgery—Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine and Surgery—Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, ItalyMolnupiravir and nirmatrelvir were the first available oral antivirals (OAs) active against SARS-CoV-2. Trials evaluating the efficacy of OAs involved patients unvaccinated and infected with variants different from those currently circulating. We conducted a retrospective study on patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection treated with OAs during the omicron surge in Italy in order to provide real-life data on the efficacy and safety of OAs during the omicron surge of the COVID-19 pandemic. Among 257 patients, 56.8% received molnupiravir, while 43.2% received nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Patients in the molnupiravir group were older, had a lower body mass index, and had a higher rate of chronic heart disease than those treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Three hospitalizations were recorded in the molnupiravir (2.1%) group and one in the nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (0.9%) group. One patient treated with molnupiravir died. The median time to negativity was 8 days in the nirmatrelvir/ritonavir group vs. 10 days in the molnupiravir group, <i>p</i> < 0.01. We recorded 37 ADRs (mainly dysgeusia, diarrhea, and nausea) in 31 individuals (12.1%). Only two patients (0.8%) treated with molnupiravir terminated treatment due to ADRs. In conclusion, in a population of mostly vaccinated patients treated with OAs, we observed a low rate of hospitalization, death, and adverse drug reactions. These rates were lower than those reported in pivotal trials.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/10/1731COVID-19SARS-CoV-2molnupiravirnirmatrelvir/ritonavirhospitalizationadverse drug reactions |
| spellingShingle | Ivan Gentile Riccardo Scotto Nicola Schiano Moriello Biagio Pinchera Riccardo Villari Emilia Trucillo Luigi Ametrano Ludovica Fusco Giuseppe Castaldo Antonio Riccardo Buonomo Federico II COVID Team Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir and Molnupiravir in the Treatment of Mild/Moderate COVID-19: Results of a Real-Life Study Vaccines COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 molnupiravir nirmatrelvir/ritonavir hospitalization adverse drug reactions |
| title | Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir and Molnupiravir in the Treatment of Mild/Moderate COVID-19: Results of a Real-Life Study |
| title_full | Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir and Molnupiravir in the Treatment of Mild/Moderate COVID-19: Results of a Real-Life Study |
| title_fullStr | Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir and Molnupiravir in the Treatment of Mild/Moderate COVID-19: Results of a Real-Life Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir and Molnupiravir in the Treatment of Mild/Moderate COVID-19: Results of a Real-Life Study |
| title_short | Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir and Molnupiravir in the Treatment of Mild/Moderate COVID-19: Results of a Real-Life Study |
| title_sort | nirmatrelvir ritonavir and molnupiravir in the treatment of mild moderate covid 19 results of a real life study |
| topic | COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 molnupiravir nirmatrelvir/ritonavir hospitalization adverse drug reactions |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/10/1731 |
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