Comprehensive Evaluation and Physiological Response of Quinoa Genotypes to Low Nitrogen
The utilization of low-N tolerant and N-efficifent varieties offers significant benefits in terms of reducing the need for excessive N fertilizer input. Quinoa, a resilient crop for agroecological transition, possesses a wide genetic diversity, making it suitable for selecting genotypes that require...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/6/1597 |
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| author | Yan Deng Xiaojing Sun Qi Zhang Sumera Anwar Jingying Lu Hongxia Guo Lixia Qin Liguang Zhang Chuangyun Wang |
| author_facet | Yan Deng Xiaojing Sun Qi Zhang Sumera Anwar Jingying Lu Hongxia Guo Lixia Qin Liguang Zhang Chuangyun Wang |
| author_sort | Yan Deng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The utilization of low-N tolerant and N-efficifent varieties offers significant benefits in terms of reducing the need for excessive N fertilizer input. Quinoa, a resilient crop for agroecological transition, possesses a wide genetic diversity, making it suitable for selecting genotypes that require less N fertilizer. In this study, the growth and physiological characteristics of nine quinoa genotypes were assessed to determine their low-N tolerance using the fuzzy membership function. Based on comprehensive evaluation indices, three genotypes were identified: low-N tolerant (BL22), intermediately tolerant (A29), and sensitive (G68). These genotypes were exposed to varying N concentrations, including normal (4 mM), low (0.8 mM), and deficient N (no N) conditions. The results indicate that low-N conditions altered root phenotype, with reduced biomass, total protein, and chlorophyll content; increased soluble sugar levels; and inhibited N-metabolizing enzymes (nitrate reductase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase) and N uptake. Under low-N conditions, the tolerant genotype exhibited higher maximal efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), root vitality, and N content compared to the sensitive genotype. Interestingly, the sensitive genotype displayed elongated and thinner shoots and roots in response to low-N, suggesting that plant height and root length are unreliable indicators of low-N tolerance in quinoa. In contrast, shoot and root dry biomass, Fv/Fm, chlorophyll content, N-metabolizing enzymes, and N content proved to be reliable indicators of low-N tolerance during the early growth stage of quinoa. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of utilizing specific growth and physiological parameters as indicators for screening low-N tolerant quinoa genotypes, thereby reducing dependence on N fertilizers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:52:00Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:52:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-a631cfd5a51644d6b626ae762f992b8c2023-11-18T08:55:25ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-06-01136159710.3390/agronomy13061597Comprehensive Evaluation and Physiological Response of Quinoa Genotypes to Low NitrogenYan Deng0Xiaojing Sun1Qi Zhang2Sumera Anwar3Jingying Lu4Hongxia Guo5Lixia Qin6Liguang Zhang7Chuangyun Wang8State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Agricultural College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Agricultural College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Agricultural College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaDepartment of Botany, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Agricultural College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Agricultural College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Agricultural College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Agricultural College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Agricultural College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, ChinaThe utilization of low-N tolerant and N-efficifent varieties offers significant benefits in terms of reducing the need for excessive N fertilizer input. Quinoa, a resilient crop for agroecological transition, possesses a wide genetic diversity, making it suitable for selecting genotypes that require less N fertilizer. In this study, the growth and physiological characteristics of nine quinoa genotypes were assessed to determine their low-N tolerance using the fuzzy membership function. Based on comprehensive evaluation indices, three genotypes were identified: low-N tolerant (BL22), intermediately tolerant (A29), and sensitive (G68). These genotypes were exposed to varying N concentrations, including normal (4 mM), low (0.8 mM), and deficient N (no N) conditions. The results indicate that low-N conditions altered root phenotype, with reduced biomass, total protein, and chlorophyll content; increased soluble sugar levels; and inhibited N-metabolizing enzymes (nitrate reductase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase) and N uptake. Under low-N conditions, the tolerant genotype exhibited higher maximal efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), root vitality, and N content compared to the sensitive genotype. Interestingly, the sensitive genotype displayed elongated and thinner shoots and roots in response to low-N, suggesting that plant height and root length are unreliable indicators of low-N tolerance in quinoa. In contrast, shoot and root dry biomass, Fv/Fm, chlorophyll content, N-metabolizing enzymes, and N content proved to be reliable indicators of low-N tolerance during the early growth stage of quinoa. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of utilizing specific growth and physiological parameters as indicators for screening low-N tolerant quinoa genotypes, thereby reducing dependence on N fertilizers.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/6/1597Chenopodium quinoalow-N tolerancephysiologygenotypesearly growth stage |
| spellingShingle | Yan Deng Xiaojing Sun Qi Zhang Sumera Anwar Jingying Lu Hongxia Guo Lixia Qin Liguang Zhang Chuangyun Wang Comprehensive Evaluation and Physiological Response of Quinoa Genotypes to Low Nitrogen Agronomy Chenopodium quinoa low-N tolerance physiology genotypes early growth stage |
| title | Comprehensive Evaluation and Physiological Response of Quinoa Genotypes to Low Nitrogen |
| title_full | Comprehensive Evaluation and Physiological Response of Quinoa Genotypes to Low Nitrogen |
| title_fullStr | Comprehensive Evaluation and Physiological Response of Quinoa Genotypes to Low Nitrogen |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comprehensive Evaluation and Physiological Response of Quinoa Genotypes to Low Nitrogen |
| title_short | Comprehensive Evaluation and Physiological Response of Quinoa Genotypes to Low Nitrogen |
| title_sort | comprehensive evaluation and physiological response of quinoa genotypes to low nitrogen |
| topic | Chenopodium quinoa low-N tolerance physiology genotypes early growth stage |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/6/1597 |
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