The Effect of ZnO, MgO, TiO<sub>2</sub>, and Na<sub>2</sub>O Modifiers on the Physical, Optical, and Radiation Shielding Properties of a TeTaNb Glass System
Novel glass samples with the composition 75TeO<sub>2</sub>–5Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>–15Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>–5x (where x = ZnO, MgO, TiO<sub>2</sub>, or Na<sub>2</sub>O) in mole percent were prepared. The ph...
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| author | Khalid I. Hussein Mohammed S. Alqahtani Khloud J. Alzahrani Fawaz F. Alqahtani Heba Y. Zahran Ali M. Alshehri Ibrahim. S. Yahia Manuela. Reben El Sayed Yousef |
| author_facet | Khalid I. Hussein Mohammed S. Alqahtani Khloud J. Alzahrani Fawaz F. Alqahtani Heba Y. Zahran Ali M. Alshehri Ibrahim. S. Yahia Manuela. Reben El Sayed Yousef |
| author_sort | Khalid I. Hussein |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Novel glass samples with the composition 75TeO<sub>2</sub>–5Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>–15Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>–5x (where x = ZnO, MgO, TiO<sub>2</sub>, or Na<sub>2</sub>O) in mole percent were prepared. The physical, optical, and gamma radiation shielding properties of the glass samples were studied over a wide energy spectrum ranging between 0.015 and 20 MeV. The glasses’ UV–vis spectra were utilized to evaluate the optical energy gap and refractive index. Glass samples had a refractive index ranging from 2.2005 to 2.0967. The results showed that the sample doped with zinc oxide (ZnO) recorded the highest density (<i>ρ</i><sub>glass</sub>), molar polarizability (<i>α<sub>m</sub></i>), molar refraction (<i>Rm</i>), refractive index (n), and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility (χ<sup>3</sup>) and the lowest optical energy gap (E<sub>opt</sub>) among the samples under investigation. When comparing the current glass system with various standard glass shielding materials, the prepared glass system showed superior shielding performance at energies ranging between 40 and 85 keV. These findings indicate that the prepared glass systems can be used in diagnostic X-rays, especially in dental applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:32:20Z |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj.art-a636fb2943e24808950cb5080596726f2023-11-23T23:19:42ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-03-01155184410.3390/ma15051844The Effect of ZnO, MgO, TiO<sub>2</sub>, and Na<sub>2</sub>O Modifiers on the Physical, Optical, and Radiation Shielding Properties of a TeTaNb Glass SystemKhalid I. Hussein0Mohammed S. Alqahtani1Khloud J. Alzahrani2Fawaz F. Alqahtani3Heba Y. Zahran4Ali M. Alshehri5Ibrahim. S. Yahia6Manuela. Reben7El Sayed Yousef8Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 1988, Saudi ArabiaPhysics Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaPhysics Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaPhysics Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH—University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, PolandPhysics Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaNovel glass samples with the composition 75TeO<sub>2</sub>–5Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>–15Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>–5x (where x = ZnO, MgO, TiO<sub>2</sub>, or Na<sub>2</sub>O) in mole percent were prepared. The physical, optical, and gamma radiation shielding properties of the glass samples were studied over a wide energy spectrum ranging between 0.015 and 20 MeV. The glasses’ UV–vis spectra were utilized to evaluate the optical energy gap and refractive index. Glass samples had a refractive index ranging from 2.2005 to 2.0967. The results showed that the sample doped with zinc oxide (ZnO) recorded the highest density (<i>ρ</i><sub>glass</sub>), molar polarizability (<i>α<sub>m</sub></i>), molar refraction (<i>Rm</i>), refractive index (n), and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility (χ<sup>3</sup>) and the lowest optical energy gap (E<sub>opt</sub>) among the samples under investigation. When comparing the current glass system with various standard glass shielding materials, the prepared glass system showed superior shielding performance at energies ranging between 40 and 85 keV. These findings indicate that the prepared glass systems can be used in diagnostic X-rays, especially in dental applications.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/5/1844metal oxiderefractive indexmolar polarizabilityoptical energy gapMACLAC |
| spellingShingle | Khalid I. Hussein Mohammed S. Alqahtani Khloud J. Alzahrani Fawaz F. Alqahtani Heba Y. Zahran Ali M. Alshehri Ibrahim. S. Yahia Manuela. Reben El Sayed Yousef The Effect of ZnO, MgO, TiO<sub>2</sub>, and Na<sub>2</sub>O Modifiers on the Physical, Optical, and Radiation Shielding Properties of a TeTaNb Glass System Materials metal oxide refractive index molar polarizability optical energy gap MAC LAC |
| title | The Effect of ZnO, MgO, TiO<sub>2</sub>, and Na<sub>2</sub>O Modifiers on the Physical, Optical, and Radiation Shielding Properties of a TeTaNb Glass System |
| title_full | The Effect of ZnO, MgO, TiO<sub>2</sub>, and Na<sub>2</sub>O Modifiers on the Physical, Optical, and Radiation Shielding Properties of a TeTaNb Glass System |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of ZnO, MgO, TiO<sub>2</sub>, and Na<sub>2</sub>O Modifiers on the Physical, Optical, and Radiation Shielding Properties of a TeTaNb Glass System |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of ZnO, MgO, TiO<sub>2</sub>, and Na<sub>2</sub>O Modifiers on the Physical, Optical, and Radiation Shielding Properties of a TeTaNb Glass System |
| title_short | The Effect of ZnO, MgO, TiO<sub>2</sub>, and Na<sub>2</sub>O Modifiers on the Physical, Optical, and Radiation Shielding Properties of a TeTaNb Glass System |
| title_sort | effect of zno mgo tio sub 2 sub and na sub 2 sub o modifiers on the physical optical and radiation shielding properties of a tetanb glass system |
| topic | metal oxide refractive index molar polarizability optical energy gap MAC LAC |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/5/1844 |
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