Potential Complementary Therapy for Adverse Drug Reactions to Sulfonamides: Chemoprotection Against Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress by TCM Constituents and Defined Mixtures
PURPOSE: Our working hypothesis is that bioactive phytochemicals that are important constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and their defined mixtures have potential as complementary therapy for chemoprotection against adverse drug reactions whose toxicity is not related to the pharmacological...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2015-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| Online Access: | https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/jpps/index.php/JPPS/article/view/25228 |
| _version_ | 1797722222831337472 |
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| author | Lee Zhang Dao-feng Chen Xue Yan Xia Cindy Yip Michael John Rieder John Richard Bend |
| author_facet | Lee Zhang Dao-feng Chen Xue Yan Xia Cindy Yip Michael John Rieder John Richard Bend |
| author_sort | Lee Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | PURPOSE: Our working hypothesis is that bioactive phytochemicals that are important constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and their defined mixtures have potential as complementary therapy for chemoprotection against adverse drug reactions whose toxicity is not related to the pharmacological action of the drug but where oxidative and nitrosative stress are causative factors. METHODS: In this investigation we measured cytotoxicity, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation and ROS/NOS-mediated changes in the disulfide proteome of Jurkat E6.1 cells resulting from exposure to sulfamethoxazole N-hydroxylamine with or without pre-treatment with low µM concentrations of baicalein, crocetin, resveratrol and schisanhenol alone and in defined mixtures to compare the ability of these treatment regimens to protect against ROS/RNS toxicity to Jurkat E6.1 cells in culture. RESULTS: Each of the Traditional Chinese Medicine constituents and defined mixtures tested had significant chemoprotective effects against the toxicity of ROS/RNS formed by exposure of Jurkat E6.1 cells to reactive metabolites of sulfamethoxazole implicated as the causative factors in adverse drug reactions to sulfa drugs used for therapy. At equimolar concentrations, the defined mixtures tended to be more effective chemoprotectants overall than any of the single constituents against ROS/RNs toxicity in this context. CONCLUSIONS: At low µM concentrations, defined mixtures of TCM constituents that contain ingredients with varied structures and multiple mechanisms for chemoprotection have excellent potential for complementary therapy with sulfa drugs to attenuate adverse effects caused by oxidative/nitrosative stress. Typically, such mixtures will have a combination of immediate activity due to short in vivo half-lives of some ingredients cleared rapidly following metabolism by phase 2 conjugation enzymes; and some ingredients with more prolonged half-lives and activity reliant on phase 1 oxidation enzymes for their metabolic clearance.
This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a6410e9faa4647038eae2c8f6561dfac |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1482-1826 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T09:44:23Z |
| publishDate | 2015-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a6410e9faa4647038eae2c8f6561dfac2023-09-02T13:00:24ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences1482-18262015-10-0118410.18433/J3SP5WPotential Complementary Therapy for Adverse Drug Reactions to Sulfonamides: Chemoprotection Against Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress by TCM Constituents and Defined MixturesLee Zhang0Dao-feng Chen1Xue Yan Xia2Cindy Yip3Michael John Rieder4John Richard Bend5Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich Medicine & Dentistry, Siebens-Drake Medical Research Institute, Western University, London ON, Canada.Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich Medicine & Dentistry, Siebens-Drake Medical Research Institute, Western University, London ON, Canada.Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich Medicine & Dentistry, Western University.Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich Medicine & Dentistry, Western University. Department of Paediatrics, Schulich Medicine & Dentistry, Western University. Robarts Research Institute, Western University.Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich Medicine & Dentistry, Siebens-Drake Medical Research Institute, Western University, London ON, Canada. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich Medicine & Dentistry, Western University. Department of Paediatrics, Schulich Medicine & Dentistry, Western University.PURPOSE: Our working hypothesis is that bioactive phytochemicals that are important constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and their defined mixtures have potential as complementary therapy for chemoprotection against adverse drug reactions whose toxicity is not related to the pharmacological action of the drug but where oxidative and nitrosative stress are causative factors. METHODS: In this investigation we measured cytotoxicity, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation and ROS/NOS-mediated changes in the disulfide proteome of Jurkat E6.1 cells resulting from exposure to sulfamethoxazole N-hydroxylamine with or without pre-treatment with low µM concentrations of baicalein, crocetin, resveratrol and schisanhenol alone and in defined mixtures to compare the ability of these treatment regimens to protect against ROS/RNS toxicity to Jurkat E6.1 cells in culture. RESULTS: Each of the Traditional Chinese Medicine constituents and defined mixtures tested had significant chemoprotective effects against the toxicity of ROS/RNS formed by exposure of Jurkat E6.1 cells to reactive metabolites of sulfamethoxazole implicated as the causative factors in adverse drug reactions to sulfa drugs used for therapy. At equimolar concentrations, the defined mixtures tended to be more effective chemoprotectants overall than any of the single constituents against ROS/RNs toxicity in this context. CONCLUSIONS: At low µM concentrations, defined mixtures of TCM constituents that contain ingredients with varied structures and multiple mechanisms for chemoprotection have excellent potential for complementary therapy with sulfa drugs to attenuate adverse effects caused by oxidative/nitrosative stress. Typically, such mixtures will have a combination of immediate activity due to short in vivo half-lives of some ingredients cleared rapidly following metabolism by phase 2 conjugation enzymes; and some ingredients with more prolonged half-lives and activity reliant on phase 1 oxidation enzymes for their metabolic clearance. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/jpps/index.php/JPPS/article/view/25228 |
| spellingShingle | Lee Zhang Dao-feng Chen Xue Yan Xia Cindy Yip Michael John Rieder John Richard Bend Potential Complementary Therapy for Adverse Drug Reactions to Sulfonamides: Chemoprotection Against Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress by TCM Constituents and Defined Mixtures Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| title | Potential Complementary Therapy for Adverse Drug Reactions to Sulfonamides: Chemoprotection Against Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress by TCM Constituents and Defined Mixtures |
| title_full | Potential Complementary Therapy for Adverse Drug Reactions to Sulfonamides: Chemoprotection Against Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress by TCM Constituents and Defined Mixtures |
| title_fullStr | Potential Complementary Therapy for Adverse Drug Reactions to Sulfonamides: Chemoprotection Against Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress by TCM Constituents and Defined Mixtures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Potential Complementary Therapy for Adverse Drug Reactions to Sulfonamides: Chemoprotection Against Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress by TCM Constituents and Defined Mixtures |
| title_short | Potential Complementary Therapy for Adverse Drug Reactions to Sulfonamides: Chemoprotection Against Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress by TCM Constituents and Defined Mixtures |
| title_sort | potential complementary therapy for adverse drug reactions to sulfonamides chemoprotection against oxidative and nitrosative stress by tcm constituents and defined mixtures |
| url | https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/jpps/index.php/JPPS/article/view/25228 |
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