Extraction, Structural Characterisation, and Immunomodulatory Properties of Edible <i>Amanita</i> <i>hemibapha</i> subspecies <i>javanica</i> (Corner and Bas) Mucilage Polysaccharide as a Potential of Functional Food
This research aimed to extract mucilage polysaccharides (MP) from <i>Amanita hemibapha</i> subspecies <i>javanica</i> (Corner and Bas), and further fractionate them using anion-exchange chromatography, yielding two fractions (MPF1 and MPF2). The crude extract, and fractions m...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/9/683 |
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| author | Utoomporn Surayot Sutee Wangtueai SangGuan You Subramanian Palanisamy Warawut Krusong Charles S. Brennan Francisco J. Barba Yuthana Phimolsiripol Phisit Seesuriyachan |
| author_facet | Utoomporn Surayot Sutee Wangtueai SangGuan You Subramanian Palanisamy Warawut Krusong Charles S. Brennan Francisco J. Barba Yuthana Phimolsiripol Phisit Seesuriyachan |
| author_sort | Utoomporn Surayot |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This research aimed to extract mucilage polysaccharides (MP) from <i>Amanita hemibapha</i> subspecies <i>javanica</i> (Corner and Bas), and further fractionate them using anion-exchange chromatography, yielding two fractions (MPF1 and MPF2). The crude extract, and fractions mainly consisted of carbohydrates (83.5–93.2%) with minor amounts of proteins (5.40–7.20%), and sulphates (1.40–9.30%). Determination of the monosaccharide composition revealed that glucose was the major unit, followed by galactose, mannose, rhamnose, and arabinose. The average molecular weight (MW) of the crude extract and fractions was in the range 104.0–479.4 × 10<sup>3</sup> g/mol. Interestingly, the crude extract, and fractions did not cause any toxic effect in RAW264.7 cells. However, they stimulated the RAW264.7 cells to release nitric oxide and cytokines through the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways via cell surface TLR4. Structural analysis of the most immunestimulating extract fraction, MPF2, revealed that the main backbone consisted of α-D-(1→6)-glucopyranoside. These results suggest that the MPs derived from <i>A. hemibapha</i> subspecies <i>javanica</i> (Corner and Bas) are potent in enhancing immunity; hence, they can be used as a functional ingredient in food products. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:32:10Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:32:10Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-a662eadfbe6a47098499af7bd2df57b22023-11-22T13:47:23ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2021-08-017968310.3390/jof7090683Extraction, Structural Characterisation, and Immunomodulatory Properties of Edible <i>Amanita</i> <i>hemibapha</i> subspecies <i>javanica</i> (Corner and Bas) Mucilage Polysaccharide as a Potential of Functional FoodUtoomporn Surayot0Sutee Wangtueai1SangGuan You2Subramanian Palanisamy3Warawut Krusong4Charles S. Brennan5Francisco J. Barba6Yuthana Phimolsiripol7Phisit Seesuriyachan8College of Maritime Studies and Management, Chiang Mai University, Samut Sakhon 74000, ThailandCollege of Maritime Studies and Management, Chiang Mai University, Samut Sakhon 74000, ThailandDepartment of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangwon 210-702, KoreaDepartment of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangwon 210-702, KoreaDivision of Fermentation Technology, Faculty of Food Industry, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, ThailandSchool of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, AustraliaDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, SpainFaculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandFaculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandThis research aimed to extract mucilage polysaccharides (MP) from <i>Amanita hemibapha</i> subspecies <i>javanica</i> (Corner and Bas), and further fractionate them using anion-exchange chromatography, yielding two fractions (MPF1 and MPF2). The crude extract, and fractions mainly consisted of carbohydrates (83.5–93.2%) with minor amounts of proteins (5.40–7.20%), and sulphates (1.40–9.30%). Determination of the monosaccharide composition revealed that glucose was the major unit, followed by galactose, mannose, rhamnose, and arabinose. The average molecular weight (MW) of the crude extract and fractions was in the range 104.0–479.4 × 10<sup>3</sup> g/mol. Interestingly, the crude extract, and fractions did not cause any toxic effect in RAW264.7 cells. However, they stimulated the RAW264.7 cells to release nitric oxide and cytokines through the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways via cell surface TLR4. Structural analysis of the most immunestimulating extract fraction, MPF2, revealed that the main backbone consisted of α-D-(1→6)-glucopyranoside. These results suggest that the MPs derived from <i>A. hemibapha</i> subspecies <i>javanica</i> (Corner and Bas) are potent in enhancing immunity; hence, they can be used as a functional ingredient in food products.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/9/683mucilage polysaccharidemushroom<i>Amanita hemibapha</i> subspecies <i>javanica</i> (Corner and Bas)immunomodulatory propertyfractionationfunctional food |
| spellingShingle | Utoomporn Surayot Sutee Wangtueai SangGuan You Subramanian Palanisamy Warawut Krusong Charles S. Brennan Francisco J. Barba Yuthana Phimolsiripol Phisit Seesuriyachan Extraction, Structural Characterisation, and Immunomodulatory Properties of Edible <i>Amanita</i> <i>hemibapha</i> subspecies <i>javanica</i> (Corner and Bas) Mucilage Polysaccharide as a Potential of Functional Food Journal of Fungi mucilage polysaccharide mushroom <i>Amanita hemibapha</i> subspecies <i>javanica</i> (Corner and Bas) immunomodulatory property fractionation functional food |
| title | Extraction, Structural Characterisation, and Immunomodulatory Properties of Edible <i>Amanita</i> <i>hemibapha</i> subspecies <i>javanica</i> (Corner and Bas) Mucilage Polysaccharide as a Potential of Functional Food |
| title_full | Extraction, Structural Characterisation, and Immunomodulatory Properties of Edible <i>Amanita</i> <i>hemibapha</i> subspecies <i>javanica</i> (Corner and Bas) Mucilage Polysaccharide as a Potential of Functional Food |
| title_fullStr | Extraction, Structural Characterisation, and Immunomodulatory Properties of Edible <i>Amanita</i> <i>hemibapha</i> subspecies <i>javanica</i> (Corner and Bas) Mucilage Polysaccharide as a Potential of Functional Food |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extraction, Structural Characterisation, and Immunomodulatory Properties of Edible <i>Amanita</i> <i>hemibapha</i> subspecies <i>javanica</i> (Corner and Bas) Mucilage Polysaccharide as a Potential of Functional Food |
| title_short | Extraction, Structural Characterisation, and Immunomodulatory Properties of Edible <i>Amanita</i> <i>hemibapha</i> subspecies <i>javanica</i> (Corner and Bas) Mucilage Polysaccharide as a Potential of Functional Food |
| title_sort | extraction structural characterisation and immunomodulatory properties of edible i amanita i i hemibapha i subspecies i javanica i corner and bas mucilage polysaccharide as a potential of functional food |
| topic | mucilage polysaccharide mushroom <i>Amanita hemibapha</i> subspecies <i>javanica</i> (Corner and Bas) immunomodulatory property fractionation functional food |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/9/683 |
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