The Radial Bulging and Axial Strains of Intervertebral Discs during Creep Obtained with the 3D-DIC System
Creep-associated changes in disc bulging and axial strains are essential for the research and development of mechano-bionic biomaterials and have been assessed in various ways in ex vivo creep studies. Nonetheless, the reported methods for measurement were limited by location inaccuracy, a lack of s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/8/1097 |
| _version_ | 1827618086877921280 |
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| author | Mengying Yang Dingding Xiang Song Wang Weiqiang Liu |
| author_facet | Mengying Yang Dingding Xiang Song Wang Weiqiang Liu |
| author_sort | Mengying Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Creep-associated changes in disc bulging and axial strains are essential for the research and development of mechano-bionic biomaterials and have been assessed in various ways in ex vivo creep studies. Nonetheless, the reported methods for measurement were limited by location inaccuracy, a lack of synchronousness, and destructiveness. To this end, this study focuses on the accurate, synchronous, and noninvasive assessment of bugling and strains using the 3D digital image correlation (3D-DIC) system and the impact of creep on them. After a preload of 30 min, the porcine cervical discs were loaded with different loads for 4 h of creep. Axial strains and lateral bulging of three locations on the discs were synchronously measured. The three-parameter solid model and the newly proposed horizontal asymptote model were used to fit the acquired data. The results showed that the load application reduced disc strains by 6.39% under 300 N, 11.28% under 400 N, and 12.59% under 500 N. Meanwhile, the largest protrusion occurred in the middle of discs with a bugling of 1.50 mm, 1.67 mm, and 1.87 mm. Comparison of the peer results showed that the 3D-DIC system could be used in ex vivo biomechanical studies with reliability and had potential in the assessment of the mechanical behavior of novel biomaterials. The phenomenon of the largest middle protrusion enlightened further the strength of spinal implants in this area. The mathematical characterizations of bulging and strains under different loads yielded various model parameters, which are prerequisites for developing implanted biomaterials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:00:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a66f6ce5fc01446db58cb5314b574805 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:00:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-a66f6ce5fc01446db58cb5314b5748052023-12-01T23:29:06ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2022-08-01128109710.3390/biom12081097The Radial Bulging and Axial Strains of Intervertebral Discs during Creep Obtained with the 3D-DIC SystemMengying Yang0Dingding Xiang1Song Wang2Weiqiang Liu3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaBiomechanics and Biotechnology Lab, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, ChinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaCreep-associated changes in disc bulging and axial strains are essential for the research and development of mechano-bionic biomaterials and have been assessed in various ways in ex vivo creep studies. Nonetheless, the reported methods for measurement were limited by location inaccuracy, a lack of synchronousness, and destructiveness. To this end, this study focuses on the accurate, synchronous, and noninvasive assessment of bugling and strains using the 3D digital image correlation (3D-DIC) system and the impact of creep on them. After a preload of 30 min, the porcine cervical discs were loaded with different loads for 4 h of creep. Axial strains and lateral bulging of three locations on the discs were synchronously measured. The three-parameter solid model and the newly proposed horizontal asymptote model were used to fit the acquired data. The results showed that the load application reduced disc strains by 6.39% under 300 N, 11.28% under 400 N, and 12.59% under 500 N. Meanwhile, the largest protrusion occurred in the middle of discs with a bugling of 1.50 mm, 1.67 mm, and 1.87 mm. Comparison of the peer results showed that the 3D-DIC system could be used in ex vivo biomechanical studies with reliability and had potential in the assessment of the mechanical behavior of novel biomaterials. The phenomenon of the largest middle protrusion enlightened further the strength of spinal implants in this area. The mathematical characterizations of bulging and strains under different loads yielded various model parameters, which are prerequisites for developing implanted biomaterials.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/8/1097creepintervertebral discbulgestrain3D-DIC |
| spellingShingle | Mengying Yang Dingding Xiang Song Wang Weiqiang Liu The Radial Bulging and Axial Strains of Intervertebral Discs during Creep Obtained with the 3D-DIC System Biomolecules creep intervertebral disc bulge strain 3D-DIC |
| title | The Radial Bulging and Axial Strains of Intervertebral Discs during Creep Obtained with the 3D-DIC System |
| title_full | The Radial Bulging and Axial Strains of Intervertebral Discs during Creep Obtained with the 3D-DIC System |
| title_fullStr | The Radial Bulging and Axial Strains of Intervertebral Discs during Creep Obtained with the 3D-DIC System |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Radial Bulging and Axial Strains of Intervertebral Discs during Creep Obtained with the 3D-DIC System |
| title_short | The Radial Bulging and Axial Strains of Intervertebral Discs during Creep Obtained with the 3D-DIC System |
| title_sort | radial bulging and axial strains of intervertebral discs during creep obtained with the 3d dic system |
| topic | creep intervertebral disc bulge strain 3D-DIC |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/8/1097 |
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