The novel distribution of intracellular and extracellular flavonoids produced by Aspergillus sp. Gbtc 2, an endophytic fungus from Ginkgo biloba root
Here, we reported a Ginkgo endophyte, Aspergillus sp. Gbtc 2, isolated from the root tissue. Its flavonoid biosynthesis pathway was reconstructed, the effect of phenylalanine on the production of flavonoids was explored, and the flavonoid metabolites were identified with the high-resolution Liquid c...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.972294/full |
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| author | Xinhong Wu Xinhong Wu Kai Zou Xueduan Liu Xueduan Liu Shaodong Fu Shaodong Fu Shuangfei Zhang Shuangfei Zhang Zhenchun Duan Zhenchun Duan Jin Zhou Jin Zhou Yili Liang Yili Liang |
| author_facet | Xinhong Wu Xinhong Wu Kai Zou Xueduan Liu Xueduan Liu Shaodong Fu Shaodong Fu Shuangfei Zhang Shuangfei Zhang Zhenchun Duan Zhenchun Duan Jin Zhou Jin Zhou Yili Liang Yili Liang |
| author_sort | Xinhong Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Here, we reported a Ginkgo endophyte, Aspergillus sp. Gbtc 2, isolated from the root tissue. Its flavonoid biosynthesis pathway was reconstructed, the effect of phenylalanine on the production of flavonoids was explored, and the flavonoid metabolites were identified with the high-resolution Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Some essential genes were annotated to form the upstream of the complete biosynthesis pathway, indicating that Aspergillus sp. Gbtc 2 has the ability to synthesize the C6–C3–C6 flavonoid monomers. HPLC results showed that adding an appropriate amount of phenylalanine could promote the production of flavonoids by Aspergillus Gbtc 2. LC–MS results depicted a significant difference in many flavonoids between intracellularly and extracellularly. Most of the flavonoids gathered in the cell contained glycosylation groups, while almost all components with multiple hydroxyls showed much higher concentrations extracellularly than intracellularly; they likely have different biological functions. A variety of these substances can be mapped back to the pathway pattern of flavonoid biosynthesis and prove the ability of flavonoid production once again. This study expanded the information on flavonoid biosynthesis in Aspergillus and provided a solid theoretical basis for developing the fungi into genetically engineered strains undertaking flavonoid industrialized production. |
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| id | doaj.art-a67b74da103545f788bbaa979a6c3d4a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T11:42:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a67b74da103545f788bbaa979a6c3d4a2022-12-22T03:34:35ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-10-011310.3389/fmicb.2022.972294972294The novel distribution of intracellular and extracellular flavonoids produced by Aspergillus sp. Gbtc 2, an endophytic fungus from Ginkgo biloba rootXinhong Wu0Xinhong Wu1Kai Zou2Xueduan Liu3Xueduan Liu4Shaodong Fu5Shaodong Fu6Shuangfei Zhang7Shuangfei Zhang8Zhenchun Duan9Zhenchun Duan10Jin Zhou11Jin Zhou12Yili Liang13Yili Liang14School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaCollege of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, ChinaSchool of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaSchool of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaSchool of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaSchool of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaSchool of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaSchool of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaHere, we reported a Ginkgo endophyte, Aspergillus sp. Gbtc 2, isolated from the root tissue. Its flavonoid biosynthesis pathway was reconstructed, the effect of phenylalanine on the production of flavonoids was explored, and the flavonoid metabolites were identified with the high-resolution Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Some essential genes were annotated to form the upstream of the complete biosynthesis pathway, indicating that Aspergillus sp. Gbtc 2 has the ability to synthesize the C6–C3–C6 flavonoid monomers. HPLC results showed that adding an appropriate amount of phenylalanine could promote the production of flavonoids by Aspergillus Gbtc 2. LC–MS results depicted a significant difference in many flavonoids between intracellularly and extracellularly. Most of the flavonoids gathered in the cell contained glycosylation groups, while almost all components with multiple hydroxyls showed much higher concentrations extracellularly than intracellularly; they likely have different biological functions. A variety of these substances can be mapped back to the pathway pattern of flavonoid biosynthesis and prove the ability of flavonoid production once again. This study expanded the information on flavonoid biosynthesis in Aspergillus and provided a solid theoretical basis for developing the fungi into genetically engineered strains undertaking flavonoid industrialized production.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.972294/fullGinkgo bilobaendophytic fungipathwayLiquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometryflavonoids |
| spellingShingle | Xinhong Wu Xinhong Wu Kai Zou Xueduan Liu Xueduan Liu Shaodong Fu Shaodong Fu Shuangfei Zhang Shuangfei Zhang Zhenchun Duan Zhenchun Duan Jin Zhou Jin Zhou Yili Liang Yili Liang The novel distribution of intracellular and extracellular flavonoids produced by Aspergillus sp. Gbtc 2, an endophytic fungus from Ginkgo biloba root Frontiers in Microbiology Ginkgo biloba endophytic fungi pathway Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry flavonoids |
| title | The novel distribution of intracellular and extracellular flavonoids produced by Aspergillus sp. Gbtc 2, an endophytic fungus from Ginkgo biloba root |
| title_full | The novel distribution of intracellular and extracellular flavonoids produced by Aspergillus sp. Gbtc 2, an endophytic fungus from Ginkgo biloba root |
| title_fullStr | The novel distribution of intracellular and extracellular flavonoids produced by Aspergillus sp. Gbtc 2, an endophytic fungus from Ginkgo biloba root |
| title_full_unstemmed | The novel distribution of intracellular and extracellular flavonoids produced by Aspergillus sp. Gbtc 2, an endophytic fungus from Ginkgo biloba root |
| title_short | The novel distribution of intracellular and extracellular flavonoids produced by Aspergillus sp. Gbtc 2, an endophytic fungus from Ginkgo biloba root |
| title_sort | novel distribution of intracellular and extracellular flavonoids produced by aspergillus sp gbtc 2 an endophytic fungus from ginkgo biloba root |
| topic | Ginkgo biloba endophytic fungi pathway Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry flavonoids |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.972294/full |
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