Evaluation of the U.S. Peanut Germplasm Mini-Core Collection in the Virginia-Carolina Region Using Traditional and New High-Throughput Methods
Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) is an important food crop for the U.S. and the world. The Virginia-Carolina (VC) region (Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina) is an important peanut-growing region of the U.S and is affected by numerous biotic and abiotic stresses. Identificat...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/8/1945 |
| _version_ | 1797440009572188160 |
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| author | Sayantan Sarkar Joseph Oakes Alexandre-Brice Cazenave Mark D. Burow Rebecca S. Bennett Kelly D. Chamberlin Ning Wang Melanie White Paxton Payton James Mahan Jennifer Chagoya Cheng-Jung Sung David S. McCall Wade E. Thomason Maria Balota |
| author_facet | Sayantan Sarkar Joseph Oakes Alexandre-Brice Cazenave Mark D. Burow Rebecca S. Bennett Kelly D. Chamberlin Ning Wang Melanie White Paxton Payton James Mahan Jennifer Chagoya Cheng-Jung Sung David S. McCall Wade E. Thomason Maria Balota |
| author_sort | Sayantan Sarkar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) is an important food crop for the U.S. and the world. The Virginia-Carolina (VC) region (Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina) is an important peanut-growing region of the U.S and is affected by numerous biotic and abiotic stresses. Identification of stress-resistant germplasm, along with improved phenotyping methods, are important steps toward developing improved cultivars. Our objective in 2017 and 2018 was to assess the U.S. mini-core collection for desirable traits, a valuable source for resistant germplasm under limited water conditions. Accessions were evaluated using traditional and high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) techniques, and the suitability of HTP methods as indirect selection tools was assessed. Traditional phenotyping methods included stand count, plant height, lateral branch growth, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), canopy temperature depression (CTD), leaf wilting, fungal and viral disease, thrips rating, post-digging in-shell sprouting, and pod yield. The HTP method included 48 aerial vegetation indices (VIs), which were derived using red, blue, green, and near-infrared reflectance; color space indices were collected using an octocopter drone at the same time, with traditional phenotyping. Both phenotypings were done 10 times between 4 and 16 weeks after planting. Accessions had yields comparable to high yielding checks. Correlation coefficients up to 0.8 were identified for several Vis, with yield indicating their suitability for indirect phenotyping. Broad-sense heritability (H<sup>2</sup>) was further calculated to assess the suitability of particular VIs to enable genetic gains. VIs could be used successfully as surrogates for the physiological and agronomic trait selection in peanuts. Further, this study indicates that UAV-based sensors have potential for measuring physiologic and agronomic characteristics measured for peanut breeding, variable rate input application, real time decision making, and precision agriculture applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:01:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a68070ceb2614126b1b29fd5e6294059 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:01:56Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-a68070ceb2614126b1b29fd5e62940592023-11-30T23:03:08ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-08-01128194510.3390/agronomy12081945Evaluation of the U.S. Peanut Germplasm Mini-Core Collection in the Virginia-Carolina Region Using Traditional and New High-Throughput MethodsSayantan Sarkar0Joseph Oakes1Alexandre-Brice Cazenave2Mark D. Burow3Rebecca S. Bennett4Kelly D. Chamberlin5Ning Wang6Melanie White7Paxton Payton8James Mahan9Jennifer Chagoya10Cheng-Jung Sung11David S. McCall12Wade E. Thomason13Maria Balota14Blackland Research and Extension Center, Texas A&M Agrilife Research, Temple, TX 76502, USAEastern Virginia AREC, Virginia Tech, Warsaw, VA 22572, USABayer Crop Science, Stanton, MN 55018, USATexas A&M AgriLife Research, Lubbock, TX 79403, USAU.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Stillwater, OK 74075, USAU.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Stillwater, OK 74075, USABiosystems & Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USAU.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Lubbock, TX 79415, USAU.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Lubbock, TX 79415, USAU.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Lubbock, TX 79415, USATexas A&M AgriLife Research, Lubbock, TX 79403, USADepartment of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USASchool of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USASchool of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USATidewater AREC, Virginia Tech, Suffolk, VA 23437, USAPeanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) is an important food crop for the U.S. and the world. The Virginia-Carolina (VC) region (Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina) is an important peanut-growing region of the U.S and is affected by numerous biotic and abiotic stresses. Identification of stress-resistant germplasm, along with improved phenotyping methods, are important steps toward developing improved cultivars. Our objective in 2017 and 2018 was to assess the U.S. mini-core collection for desirable traits, a valuable source for resistant germplasm under limited water conditions. Accessions were evaluated using traditional and high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) techniques, and the suitability of HTP methods as indirect selection tools was assessed. Traditional phenotyping methods included stand count, plant height, lateral branch growth, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), canopy temperature depression (CTD), leaf wilting, fungal and viral disease, thrips rating, post-digging in-shell sprouting, and pod yield. The HTP method included 48 aerial vegetation indices (VIs), which were derived using red, blue, green, and near-infrared reflectance; color space indices were collected using an octocopter drone at the same time, with traditional phenotyping. Both phenotypings were done 10 times between 4 and 16 weeks after planting. Accessions had yields comparable to high yielding checks. Correlation coefficients up to 0.8 were identified for several Vis, with yield indicating their suitability for indirect phenotyping. Broad-sense heritability (H<sup>2</sup>) was further calculated to assess the suitability of particular VIs to enable genetic gains. VIs could be used successfully as surrogates for the physiological and agronomic trait selection in peanuts. Further, this study indicates that UAV-based sensors have potential for measuring physiologic and agronomic characteristics measured for peanut breeding, variable rate input application, real time decision making, and precision agriculture applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/8/1945peanutU.S. mini-core collectionVirginia-Carolina regionvegetation indiceshigh-throughput phenotypingcolor space indices |
| spellingShingle | Sayantan Sarkar Joseph Oakes Alexandre-Brice Cazenave Mark D. Burow Rebecca S. Bennett Kelly D. Chamberlin Ning Wang Melanie White Paxton Payton James Mahan Jennifer Chagoya Cheng-Jung Sung David S. McCall Wade E. Thomason Maria Balota Evaluation of the U.S. Peanut Germplasm Mini-Core Collection in the Virginia-Carolina Region Using Traditional and New High-Throughput Methods Agronomy peanut U.S. mini-core collection Virginia-Carolina region vegetation indices high-throughput phenotyping color space indices |
| title | Evaluation of the U.S. Peanut Germplasm Mini-Core Collection in the Virginia-Carolina Region Using Traditional and New High-Throughput Methods |
| title_full | Evaluation of the U.S. Peanut Germplasm Mini-Core Collection in the Virginia-Carolina Region Using Traditional and New High-Throughput Methods |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the U.S. Peanut Germplasm Mini-Core Collection in the Virginia-Carolina Region Using Traditional and New High-Throughput Methods |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the U.S. Peanut Germplasm Mini-Core Collection in the Virginia-Carolina Region Using Traditional and New High-Throughput Methods |
| title_short | Evaluation of the U.S. Peanut Germplasm Mini-Core Collection in the Virginia-Carolina Region Using Traditional and New High-Throughput Methods |
| title_sort | evaluation of the u s peanut germplasm mini core collection in the virginia carolina region using traditional and new high throughput methods |
| topic | peanut U.S. mini-core collection Virginia-Carolina region vegetation indices high-throughput phenotyping color space indices |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/8/1945 |
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