Effect of Donated Premature Milk in the Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Introduction: Breastfeeding is one of the strategies that has been shown to be effective in preventing severe forms of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). When mother’s own milk (MOM) is not available, pasteurized donor milk (DM) is the best alternative. However, the evidence is inconclusive on the di...
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/6/859 |
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| author | Amaia Merino-Hernández Andrea Palacios-Bermejo Cristina Ramos-Navarro Silvia Caballero-Martín Noelia González-Pacheco Elena Rodríguez-Corrales María Carmen Sánchez-Gómez de Orgaz Manuel Sánchez-Luna |
| author_facet | Amaia Merino-Hernández Andrea Palacios-Bermejo Cristina Ramos-Navarro Silvia Caballero-Martín Noelia González-Pacheco Elena Rodríguez-Corrales María Carmen Sánchez-Gómez de Orgaz Manuel Sánchez-Luna |
| author_sort | Amaia Merino-Hernández |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Breastfeeding is one of the strategies that has been shown to be effective in preventing severe forms of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). When mother’s own milk (MOM) is not available, pasteurized donor milk (DM) is the best alternative. However, the evidence is inconclusive on the difference in the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) between patients fed MOM and those fed with DM. As standard DM is usually mature pooled milk donated by mothers who have delivered their babies at term, the potential benefits of preterm milk may be lost. Materials and Methods: An observational, retrospective, single-center study was conducted in the neonatology department of a high-complexity hospital. The study included newborns <32 weeks of gestational age born between January 2020 and December 2022. When supplemental milk was needed, non-pooled preterm pasteurized donor milk (PDM) matched for gestational age and moment of lactation was used in this study, classifying preterm infants in two groups: mainly MOM (>50% of the milk) or mainly PDM (>50% of the milk). Two groups were established: those who received >50% MOM and those who received >50% PDM. They were also classified according to the diagnosis of DBP: one group included no BPD or grade 1 BPD (noBPD/1), while the other included grade 2 or 3 BPD (BPD 2–3). The objectives of this study were, firstly, to evaluate the incidence of BPD 2–3 among patients who predominantly received PDM versus MOM. Secondly, to analyze differences in the type of human milk received and its nutritional components, as well as to study the growth in patients with or without BPD. Results: One hundred ninety-nine patients were included in the study. A comparison of noBPD/1 versus BPD 2–3 groups between those receiving mainly MOM versus PDM showed no significant differences (19% vs. 20%, <i>p</i> 0.95). PDM colostrum in BPD 2–3 compared to noBPD/1 was higher in protein content (2.24 g/100 mL (SD 0.37) vs. 2.02 g/100 mL (SD 0.29) <i>p</i> < 0.01), although the statistical significance decreased after adjustment for gestational age and birth weight z-score (OR 3.53 (0.86–14.51)). No differences were found in the macronutrients in the mature milk of patients feeding more than 50% PDM in both study groups. Growth of BPD 2–3 showed a greater decrease in the difference in z-scores for height at birth and at discharge compared to noBPD/1 (−1.64 vs. −0.43, <i>p</i> 0.03). Conclusions: The use of mainly MOM or PDM demonstrates a similar incidence of noBPD/1 or BPD 2–3. Non-pooled and matched by gestational age and time of lactation preterm donor milk can probably be an alternative when mother’s own milk is not available, with a similar protective effect in the prevention of severe BPD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:57:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a688242615f34ca180ab78696842978a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:57:27Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-a688242615f34ca180ab78696842978a2024-03-27T13:58:17ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432024-03-0116685910.3390/nu16060859Effect of Donated Premature Milk in the Prevention of Bronchopulmonary DysplasiaAmaia Merino-Hernández0Andrea Palacios-Bermejo1Cristina Ramos-Navarro2Silvia Caballero-Martín3Noelia González-Pacheco4Elena Rodríguez-Corrales5María Carmen Sánchez-Gómez de Orgaz6Manuel Sánchez-Luna7Neonatology Division, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, SpainNeonatology Division, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, SpainNeonatology Division, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, SpainNeonatology Division, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, SpainNeonatology Division, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, SpainNeonatology Division, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, SpainNeonatology Division, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, SpainNeonatology Division, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, SpainIntroduction: Breastfeeding is one of the strategies that has been shown to be effective in preventing severe forms of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). When mother’s own milk (MOM) is not available, pasteurized donor milk (DM) is the best alternative. However, the evidence is inconclusive on the difference in the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) between patients fed MOM and those fed with DM. As standard DM is usually mature pooled milk donated by mothers who have delivered their babies at term, the potential benefits of preterm milk may be lost. Materials and Methods: An observational, retrospective, single-center study was conducted in the neonatology department of a high-complexity hospital. The study included newborns <32 weeks of gestational age born between January 2020 and December 2022. When supplemental milk was needed, non-pooled preterm pasteurized donor milk (PDM) matched for gestational age and moment of lactation was used in this study, classifying preterm infants in two groups: mainly MOM (>50% of the milk) or mainly PDM (>50% of the milk). Two groups were established: those who received >50% MOM and those who received >50% PDM. They were also classified according to the diagnosis of DBP: one group included no BPD or grade 1 BPD (noBPD/1), while the other included grade 2 or 3 BPD (BPD 2–3). The objectives of this study were, firstly, to evaluate the incidence of BPD 2–3 among patients who predominantly received PDM versus MOM. Secondly, to analyze differences in the type of human milk received and its nutritional components, as well as to study the growth in patients with or without BPD. Results: One hundred ninety-nine patients were included in the study. A comparison of noBPD/1 versus BPD 2–3 groups between those receiving mainly MOM versus PDM showed no significant differences (19% vs. 20%, <i>p</i> 0.95). PDM colostrum in BPD 2–3 compared to noBPD/1 was higher in protein content (2.24 g/100 mL (SD 0.37) vs. 2.02 g/100 mL (SD 0.29) <i>p</i> < 0.01), although the statistical significance decreased after adjustment for gestational age and birth weight z-score (OR 3.53 (0.86–14.51)). No differences were found in the macronutrients in the mature milk of patients feeding more than 50% PDM in both study groups. Growth of BPD 2–3 showed a greater decrease in the difference in z-scores for height at birth and at discharge compared to noBPD/1 (−1.64 vs. −0.43, <i>p</i> 0.03). Conclusions: The use of mainly MOM or PDM demonstrates a similar incidence of noBPD/1 or BPD 2–3. Non-pooled and matched by gestational age and time of lactation preterm donor milk can probably be an alternative when mother’s own milk is not available, with a similar protective effect in the prevention of severe BPD.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/6/859bronchopulmonary dysplasiamother’s own milkpasteurized donor milk |
| spellingShingle | Amaia Merino-Hernández Andrea Palacios-Bermejo Cristina Ramos-Navarro Silvia Caballero-Martín Noelia González-Pacheco Elena Rodríguez-Corrales María Carmen Sánchez-Gómez de Orgaz Manuel Sánchez-Luna Effect of Donated Premature Milk in the Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Nutrients bronchopulmonary dysplasia mother’s own milk pasteurized donor milk |
| title | Effect of Donated Premature Milk in the Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia |
| title_full | Effect of Donated Premature Milk in the Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Donated Premature Milk in the Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Donated Premature Milk in the Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia |
| title_short | Effect of Donated Premature Milk in the Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia |
| title_sort | effect of donated premature milk in the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia |
| topic | bronchopulmonary dysplasia mother’s own milk pasteurized donor milk |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/6/859 |
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