Plague Outbreak in Libya, 2009, Unrelated to Plague in Algeria
After 25 years of no cases of plague, this disease recurred near Tobruk, Libya, in 2009. An epidemiologic investigation identified 5 confirmed cases. We determined ribotypes, Not1 restriction profiles, and IS100 and IS1541 hybridization patterns of strains isolated during this outbreak. We also anal...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2013-02-01
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| Series: | Emerging Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/19/2/12-1031_article |
| _version_ | 1818553102324727808 |
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| author | Nicolas Cabanel Alexandre Leclercq Viviane Chenal-Francisque Badereddin Annajar Minoarisoa Rajerison Souad Bekkhoucha Eric Bertherat Elisabeth Carniel |
| author_facet | Nicolas Cabanel Alexandre Leclercq Viviane Chenal-Francisque Badereddin Annajar Minoarisoa Rajerison Souad Bekkhoucha Eric Bertherat Elisabeth Carniel |
| author_sort | Nicolas Cabanel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | After 25 years of no cases of plague, this disease recurred near Tobruk, Libya, in 2009. An epidemiologic investigation identified 5 confirmed cases. We determined ribotypes, Not1 restriction profiles, and IS100 and IS1541 hybridization patterns of strains isolated during this outbreak. We also analyzed strains isolated during the 2003 plague epidemic in Algeria to determine whether there were epidemiologic links between the 2 events. Our results demonstrate unambiguously that neighboring but independent plague foci coexist in Algeria and Libya. They also indicate that these outbreaks were most likely caused by reactivation of organisms in local or regional foci believed to be dormant (Libya) or extinct (Algeria) for decades, rather than by recent importation of Yersinia pestis from distant foci. Environmental factors favorable for plague reemergence might exist in this area and lead to reactivation of organisms in other ancient foci. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T09:21:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a6adabb9a1d44903bbe0347d013ce80a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1080-6040 1080-6059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T09:21:39Z |
| publishDate | 2013-02-01 |
| publisher | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Emerging Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-a6adabb9a1d44903bbe0347d013ce80a2022-12-22T00:29:12ZengCenters for Disease Control and PreventionEmerging Infectious Diseases1080-60401080-60592013-02-0119223023610.3201/eid1902.121031Plague Outbreak in Libya, 2009, Unrelated to Plague in AlgeriaNicolas CabanelAlexandre LeclercqViviane Chenal-FrancisqueBadereddin AnnajarMinoarisoa RajerisonSouad BekkhouchaEric BertheratElisabeth CarnielAfter 25 years of no cases of plague, this disease recurred near Tobruk, Libya, in 2009. An epidemiologic investigation identified 5 confirmed cases. We determined ribotypes, Not1 restriction profiles, and IS100 and IS1541 hybridization patterns of strains isolated during this outbreak. We also analyzed strains isolated during the 2003 plague epidemic in Algeria to determine whether there were epidemiologic links between the 2 events. Our results demonstrate unambiguously that neighboring but independent plague foci coexist in Algeria and Libya. They also indicate that these outbreaks were most likely caused by reactivation of organisms in local or regional foci believed to be dormant (Libya) or extinct (Algeria) for decades, rather than by recent importation of Yersinia pestis from distant foci. Environmental factors favorable for plague reemergence might exist in this area and lead to reactivation of organisms in other ancient foci.https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/19/2/12-1031_articleplagueoutbreakreemergenceYersinia pestisbacteriaTobruk |
| spellingShingle | Nicolas Cabanel Alexandre Leclercq Viviane Chenal-Francisque Badereddin Annajar Minoarisoa Rajerison Souad Bekkhoucha Eric Bertherat Elisabeth Carniel Plague Outbreak in Libya, 2009, Unrelated to Plague in Algeria Emerging Infectious Diseases plague outbreak reemergence Yersinia pestis bacteria Tobruk |
| title | Plague Outbreak in Libya, 2009, Unrelated to Plague in Algeria |
| title_full | Plague Outbreak in Libya, 2009, Unrelated to Plague in Algeria |
| title_fullStr | Plague Outbreak in Libya, 2009, Unrelated to Plague in Algeria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plague Outbreak in Libya, 2009, Unrelated to Plague in Algeria |
| title_short | Plague Outbreak in Libya, 2009, Unrelated to Plague in Algeria |
| title_sort | plague outbreak in libya 2009 unrelated to plague in algeria |
| topic | plague outbreak reemergence Yersinia pestis bacteria Tobruk |
| url | https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/19/2/12-1031_article |
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