Mitochondrial Translation Occurs Preferentially in the Peri-Nuclear Mitochondrial Network of Cultured Human Cells
Human mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles, fusing and budding to maintain reticular networks throughout many cell types. Although extending to the extremities of the cell, the majority of the network is concentrated around the nucleus in most of the commonly cultured cell lines. This organell...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/10/1050 |
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| author | Christin A. Albus Rolando Berlinguer-Palmini Caroline Hewison Fiona McFarlane Elisabeta-Ana Savu Robert N. Lightowlers Zofia M. Chrzanowska-Lightowlers Matthew Zorkau |
| author_facet | Christin A. Albus Rolando Berlinguer-Palmini Caroline Hewison Fiona McFarlane Elisabeta-Ana Savu Robert N. Lightowlers Zofia M. Chrzanowska-Lightowlers Matthew Zorkau |
| author_sort | Christin A. Albus |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Human mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles, fusing and budding to maintain reticular networks throughout many cell types. Although extending to the extremities of the cell, the majority of the network is concentrated around the nucleus in most of the commonly cultured cell lines. This organelle harbours its own genome, mtDNA, with a different gene content to the nucleus, but the expression of which is critical for maintaining oxidative phosphorylation. Recent advances in click chemistry have allowed us to visualise sites of mitochondrial protein synthesis in intact cultured cells. We show that the majority of translation occurs in the peri-nuclear region of the network. Further analysis reveals that whilst there is a slight peri-nuclear enrichment in the levels of mitoribosomal protein and mitochondrial rRNA, it is not sufficient to explain this substantial heterogeneity in the distribution of translation. Finally, we also show that in contrast, a mitochondrial mRNA does not show such a distinct gradient in distribution. These data suggest that the relative lack of translation in the peripheral mitochondrial network is not due to an absence of mitoribosomes or an insufficient supply of the mt-mRNA transcripts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:43:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a6c7c81087924629a84155d1cc1c4235 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:43:39Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a6c7c81087924629a84155d1cc1c42352023-11-22T17:29:03ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372021-10-011010105010.3390/biology10101050Mitochondrial Translation Occurs Preferentially in the Peri-Nuclear Mitochondrial Network of Cultured Human CellsChristin A. Albus0Rolando Berlinguer-Palmini1Caroline Hewison2Fiona McFarlane3Elisabeta-Ana Savu4Robert N. Lightowlers5Zofia M. Chrzanowska-Lightowlers6Matthew Zorkau7Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UKBioimaging Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UKSchool of Biomedical, Nutritional, and Sport Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UKSchool of Biomedical, Nutritional, and Sport Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UKSchool of Biomedical, Nutritional, and Sport Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UKWellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UKWellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UKWellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UKHuman mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles, fusing and budding to maintain reticular networks throughout many cell types. Although extending to the extremities of the cell, the majority of the network is concentrated around the nucleus in most of the commonly cultured cell lines. This organelle harbours its own genome, mtDNA, with a different gene content to the nucleus, but the expression of which is critical for maintaining oxidative phosphorylation. Recent advances in click chemistry have allowed us to visualise sites of mitochondrial protein synthesis in intact cultured cells. We show that the majority of translation occurs in the peri-nuclear region of the network. Further analysis reveals that whilst there is a slight peri-nuclear enrichment in the levels of mitoribosomal protein and mitochondrial rRNA, it is not sufficient to explain this substantial heterogeneity in the distribution of translation. Finally, we also show that in contrast, a mitochondrial mRNA does not show such a distinct gradient in distribution. These data suggest that the relative lack of translation in the peripheral mitochondrial network is not due to an absence of mitoribosomes or an insufficient supply of the mt-mRNA transcripts.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/10/1050mitochondriamammalianprotein synthesisheterogeneityco-localisationperi-nuclear |
| spellingShingle | Christin A. Albus Rolando Berlinguer-Palmini Caroline Hewison Fiona McFarlane Elisabeta-Ana Savu Robert N. Lightowlers Zofia M. Chrzanowska-Lightowlers Matthew Zorkau Mitochondrial Translation Occurs Preferentially in the Peri-Nuclear Mitochondrial Network of Cultured Human Cells Biology mitochondria mammalian protein synthesis heterogeneity co-localisation peri-nuclear |
| title | Mitochondrial Translation Occurs Preferentially in the Peri-Nuclear Mitochondrial Network of Cultured Human Cells |
| title_full | Mitochondrial Translation Occurs Preferentially in the Peri-Nuclear Mitochondrial Network of Cultured Human Cells |
| title_fullStr | Mitochondrial Translation Occurs Preferentially in the Peri-Nuclear Mitochondrial Network of Cultured Human Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mitochondrial Translation Occurs Preferentially in the Peri-Nuclear Mitochondrial Network of Cultured Human Cells |
| title_short | Mitochondrial Translation Occurs Preferentially in the Peri-Nuclear Mitochondrial Network of Cultured Human Cells |
| title_sort | mitochondrial translation occurs preferentially in the peri nuclear mitochondrial network of cultured human cells |
| topic | mitochondria mammalian protein synthesis heterogeneity co-localisation peri-nuclear |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/10/1050 |
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