Nanoparticles for the Induction of Antigen-Specific Immunological Tolerance
Antigen-specific immune tolerance has been a long-standing goal for immunotherapy for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and allergies and for the prevention of allograft rejection and anti-drug antibodies directed against biologic therapies. Nanoparticles have emerged as powerful tools to initiat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00230/full |
| _version_ | 1818589055802146816 |
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| author | Takashi Kei Kishimoto Roberto A. Maldonado |
| author_facet | Takashi Kei Kishimoto Roberto A. Maldonado |
| author_sort | Takashi Kei Kishimoto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antigen-specific immune tolerance has been a long-standing goal for immunotherapy for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and allergies and for the prevention of allograft rejection and anti-drug antibodies directed against biologic therapies. Nanoparticles have emerged as powerful tools to initiate and modulate immune responses due to their inherent capacity to target antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and deliver coordinated signals that can elicit an antigen-specific immune response. A wide range of strategies have been described to create tolerogenic nanoparticles (tNPs) that fall into three broad categories. One strategy includes tNPs that provide antigen alone to harness natural tolerogenic processes and environments, such as presentation of antigen in the absence of costimulatory signals, oral tolerance, the tolerogenic environment of the liver, and apoptotic cell death. A second strategy includes tNPs that carry antigen and simultaneously target tolerogenic receptors, such as pro-tolerogenic cytokine receptors, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, FAS receptor, and the CD22 inhibitory receptor. A third strategy includes tNPs that carry a payload of tolerogenic pharmacological agents that can “lock” APCs into a developmental or metabolic state that favors tolerogenic presentation of antigens. These diverse strategies have led to the development of tNPs that are capable of inducing antigen-specific immunological tolerance, not just immunosuppression, in animal models. These novel tNP technologies herald a promising approach to specifically prevent and treat unwanted immune reactions in humans. The first tNP, SEL-212, a biodegradable synthetic vaccine particle encapsulating rapamycin, has reached the clinic and is currently in Phase 2 clinical trials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T09:34:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a6cdae453ead4af5abee446e8d9b09f2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T09:34:34Z |
| publishDate | 2018-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a6cdae453ead4af5abee446e8d9b09f22022-12-21T22:36:26ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242018-02-01910.3389/fimmu.2018.00230319730Nanoparticles for the Induction of Antigen-Specific Immunological ToleranceTakashi Kei Kishimoto0Roberto A. Maldonado1Selecta Biosciences Inc., Watertown, MA, United StatesSelecta Biosciences Inc., Watertown, MA, United StatesAntigen-specific immune tolerance has been a long-standing goal for immunotherapy for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and allergies and for the prevention of allograft rejection and anti-drug antibodies directed against biologic therapies. Nanoparticles have emerged as powerful tools to initiate and modulate immune responses due to their inherent capacity to target antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and deliver coordinated signals that can elicit an antigen-specific immune response. A wide range of strategies have been described to create tolerogenic nanoparticles (tNPs) that fall into three broad categories. One strategy includes tNPs that provide antigen alone to harness natural tolerogenic processes and environments, such as presentation of antigen in the absence of costimulatory signals, oral tolerance, the tolerogenic environment of the liver, and apoptotic cell death. A second strategy includes tNPs that carry antigen and simultaneously target tolerogenic receptors, such as pro-tolerogenic cytokine receptors, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, FAS receptor, and the CD22 inhibitory receptor. A third strategy includes tNPs that carry a payload of tolerogenic pharmacological agents that can “lock” APCs into a developmental or metabolic state that favors tolerogenic presentation of antigens. These diverse strategies have led to the development of tNPs that are capable of inducing antigen-specific immunological tolerance, not just immunosuppression, in animal models. These novel tNP technologies herald a promising approach to specifically prevent and treat unwanted immune reactions in humans. The first tNP, SEL-212, a biodegradable synthetic vaccine particle encapsulating rapamycin, has reached the clinic and is currently in Phase 2 clinical trials.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00230/fullnanoparticlesimmunological tolerancerapamycintolerogenic dendritic cellsregulatory T cells |
| spellingShingle | Takashi Kei Kishimoto Roberto A. Maldonado Nanoparticles for the Induction of Antigen-Specific Immunological Tolerance Frontiers in Immunology nanoparticles immunological tolerance rapamycin tolerogenic dendritic cells regulatory T cells |
| title | Nanoparticles for the Induction of Antigen-Specific Immunological Tolerance |
| title_full | Nanoparticles for the Induction of Antigen-Specific Immunological Tolerance |
| title_fullStr | Nanoparticles for the Induction of Antigen-Specific Immunological Tolerance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nanoparticles for the Induction of Antigen-Specific Immunological Tolerance |
| title_short | Nanoparticles for the Induction of Antigen-Specific Immunological Tolerance |
| title_sort | nanoparticles for the induction of antigen specific immunological tolerance |
| topic | nanoparticles immunological tolerance rapamycin tolerogenic dendritic cells regulatory T cells |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00230/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT takashikeikishimoto nanoparticlesfortheinductionofantigenspecificimmunologicaltolerance AT robertoamaldonado nanoparticlesfortheinductionofantigenspecificimmunologicaltolerance |