The benefits of diligence: how precise are predicted gravitational wave spectra in models with phase transitions?
Abstract Models of particle physics that feature phase transitions typically provide predictions for stochastic gravitational wave signals at future detectors and such predictions are used to delineate portions of the model parameter space that can be constrained. The question is: how precise are su...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of High Energy Physics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2021)164 |
| _version_ | 1818577295054471168 |
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| author | Huai-Ke Guo Kuver Sinha Daniel Vagie Graham White |
| author_facet | Huai-Ke Guo Kuver Sinha Daniel Vagie Graham White |
| author_sort | Huai-Ke Guo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Models of particle physics that feature phase transitions typically provide predictions for stochastic gravitational wave signals at future detectors and such predictions are used to delineate portions of the model parameter space that can be constrained. The question is: how precise are such predictions? Uncertainties enter in the calculation of the macroscopic thermal parameters and the dynamics of the phase transition itself. We calculate such uncertainties with increasing levels of sophistication in treating the phase transition dynamics. Currently, the highest level of diligence corresponds to careful treatments of the source lifetime; mean bubble separation; going beyond the bag model approximation in solving the hydrodynamics equations and explicitly calculating the fraction of energy in the fluid from these equations rather than using a fit; and including fits for the energy lost to vorticity modes and reheating effects. The lowest level of diligence incorporates none of these effects. We compute the percolation and nucleation temperatures, the mean bubble separation, the fluid velocity, and ultimately the gravitational wave spectrum corresponding to the level of highest diligence for three explicit examples: SMEFT, a dark sector Higgs model, and the real singlet-extended Standard Model (xSM). In each model, we contrast different levels of diligence in the calculation and find that the difference in the final predicted signal can be several orders of magnitude. Our results indicate that calculating the gravitational wave spectrum for particle physics models and deducing precise constraints on the parameter space of such models continues to remain very much a work in progress and warrants care. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T06:27:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a6d290190321455e91447eb7b435857e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1029-8479 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T06:27:38Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of High Energy Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-a6d290190321455e91447eb7b435857e2022-12-21T22:40:59ZengSpringerOpenJournal of High Energy Physics1029-84792021-06-012021614610.1007/JHEP06(2021)164The benefits of diligence: how precise are predicted gravitational wave spectra in models with phase transitions?Huai-Ke Guo0Kuver Sinha1Daniel Vagie2Graham White3Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of OklahomaDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of OklahomaDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of OklahomaKavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, The University of TokyoAbstract Models of particle physics that feature phase transitions typically provide predictions for stochastic gravitational wave signals at future detectors and such predictions are used to delineate portions of the model parameter space that can be constrained. The question is: how precise are such predictions? Uncertainties enter in the calculation of the macroscopic thermal parameters and the dynamics of the phase transition itself. We calculate such uncertainties with increasing levels of sophistication in treating the phase transition dynamics. Currently, the highest level of diligence corresponds to careful treatments of the source lifetime; mean bubble separation; going beyond the bag model approximation in solving the hydrodynamics equations and explicitly calculating the fraction of energy in the fluid from these equations rather than using a fit; and including fits for the energy lost to vorticity modes and reheating effects. The lowest level of diligence incorporates none of these effects. We compute the percolation and nucleation temperatures, the mean bubble separation, the fluid velocity, and ultimately the gravitational wave spectrum corresponding to the level of highest diligence for three explicit examples: SMEFT, a dark sector Higgs model, and the real singlet-extended Standard Model (xSM). In each model, we contrast different levels of diligence in the calculation and find that the difference in the final predicted signal can be several orders of magnitude. Our results indicate that calculating the gravitational wave spectrum for particle physics models and deducing precise constraints on the parameter space of such models continues to remain very much a work in progress and warrants care.https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2021)164Phenomenological Models |
| spellingShingle | Huai-Ke Guo Kuver Sinha Daniel Vagie Graham White The benefits of diligence: how precise are predicted gravitational wave spectra in models with phase transitions? Journal of High Energy Physics Phenomenological Models |
| title | The benefits of diligence: how precise are predicted gravitational wave spectra in models with phase transitions? |
| title_full | The benefits of diligence: how precise are predicted gravitational wave spectra in models with phase transitions? |
| title_fullStr | The benefits of diligence: how precise are predicted gravitational wave spectra in models with phase transitions? |
| title_full_unstemmed | The benefits of diligence: how precise are predicted gravitational wave spectra in models with phase transitions? |
| title_short | The benefits of diligence: how precise are predicted gravitational wave spectra in models with phase transitions? |
| title_sort | benefits of diligence how precise are predicted gravitational wave spectra in models with phase transitions |
| topic | Phenomenological Models |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2021)164 |
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