Statistical Homogenization of Elastic and Fracture Properties of a Sample Selective Laser Melting Material
Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing technique commonly used in the rapid prototyping of components. The complexity of the SLM microstructure poses a unique challenge to deriving effective mechanical properties at different length scales. Representative volume elements (RVEs) a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/22/12408 |
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| author | Ryan P. Connor Balavignesh Vemparala Reza Abedi Giang Huynh Soheil Soghrati Chris T. Feldmeier Kevin Lamb |
| author_facet | Ryan P. Connor Balavignesh Vemparala Reza Abedi Giang Huynh Soheil Soghrati Chris T. Feldmeier Kevin Lamb |
| author_sort | Ryan P. Connor |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing technique commonly used in the rapid prototyping of components. The complexity of the SLM microstructure poses a unique challenge to deriving effective mechanical properties at different length scales. Representative volume elements (RVEs) are often used to homogenize the material properties of composites. Instead of RVEs, we use statistical volume elements (SVEs) to homogenize the elastic and fracture properties of the material. This relates the inherent variation of a material’s microstructure to the variation in its mechanical properties at different observation scales. The convergence to the RVE limit is examined from two perspectives: the stability of the mean value as the SVE size increases for the mean-based approach, and the tendency of the normalized variation in homogenized properties to zero as the SVE size increases for the variation-based approach. Fracture properties tend to make the RVE limit slower than do elastic properties from both perspectives. There are also differences between vertical (normal to printing plane) and horizontal (in-plane) properties. While the elastic properties tend to make the RVE limit faster for the horizontal direction, i.e., having a smaller variation and more stable mean value, the fracture properties exhibit the opposite effect. We attributed these differences to the geometry of the melt pools. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:02:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a6dc61e80b204dcda55f0ad297fe06eb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:02:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a6dc61e80b204dcda55f0ad297fe06eb2023-11-24T14:27:38ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-11-0113221240810.3390/app132212408Statistical Homogenization of Elastic and Fracture Properties of a Sample Selective Laser Melting MaterialRyan P. Connor0Balavignesh Vemparala1Reza Abedi2Giang Huynh3Soheil Soghrati4Chris T. Feldmeier5Kevin Lamb6Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USAMechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USAMechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USAMechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USAMechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USAConsolidated Nuclear Security (CNS), LLC, Y-12 National Security Complex, Mechanical, Controls, & System Engineering, Knoxville, TN 37902, USAConsolidated Nuclear Security (CNS), LLC, Y-12 National Security Complex, Mechanical, Controls, & System Engineering, Knoxville, TN 37902, USASelective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing technique commonly used in the rapid prototyping of components. The complexity of the SLM microstructure poses a unique challenge to deriving effective mechanical properties at different length scales. Representative volume elements (RVEs) are often used to homogenize the material properties of composites. Instead of RVEs, we use statistical volume elements (SVEs) to homogenize the elastic and fracture properties of the material. This relates the inherent variation of a material’s microstructure to the variation in its mechanical properties at different observation scales. The convergence to the RVE limit is examined from two perspectives: the stability of the mean value as the SVE size increases for the mean-based approach, and the tendency of the normalized variation in homogenized properties to zero as the SVE size increases for the variation-based approach. Fracture properties tend to make the RVE limit slower than do elastic properties from both perspectives. There are also differences between vertical (normal to printing plane) and horizontal (in-plane) properties. While the elastic properties tend to make the RVE limit faster for the horizontal direction, i.e., having a smaller variation and more stable mean value, the fracture properties exhibit the opposite effect. We attributed these differences to the geometry of the melt pools.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/22/12408selective laser melting (SLM)homogenizationstatistical volume elementrepresentative volume element |
| spellingShingle | Ryan P. Connor Balavignesh Vemparala Reza Abedi Giang Huynh Soheil Soghrati Chris T. Feldmeier Kevin Lamb Statistical Homogenization of Elastic and Fracture Properties of a Sample Selective Laser Melting Material Applied Sciences selective laser melting (SLM) homogenization statistical volume element representative volume element |
| title | Statistical Homogenization of Elastic and Fracture Properties of a Sample Selective Laser Melting Material |
| title_full | Statistical Homogenization of Elastic and Fracture Properties of a Sample Selective Laser Melting Material |
| title_fullStr | Statistical Homogenization of Elastic and Fracture Properties of a Sample Selective Laser Melting Material |
| title_full_unstemmed | Statistical Homogenization of Elastic and Fracture Properties of a Sample Selective Laser Melting Material |
| title_short | Statistical Homogenization of Elastic and Fracture Properties of a Sample Selective Laser Melting Material |
| title_sort | statistical homogenization of elastic and fracture properties of a sample selective laser melting material |
| topic | selective laser melting (SLM) homogenization statistical volume element representative volume element |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/22/12408 |
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