Risk for Substance Use Disorders in young adulthood: Associations with developmental experiences of homelessness, foster care, and adverse childhood experiences
Background: Multiple developmental risk factors for Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) during young adulthood have been identified. In this investigation, we examined the impact of homelessness, foster care, and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) prior to 12th grade on the development of three common...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Comprehensive Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X20300171 |
| _version_ | 1818060327735001088 |
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| author | Howard B. Moss Shaokui Ge Evan Trager Madeline Saavedra Margaret Yau Ijeoma Ijeaku Deborah Deas |
| author_facet | Howard B. Moss Shaokui Ge Evan Trager Madeline Saavedra Margaret Yau Ijeoma Ijeaku Deborah Deas |
| author_sort | Howard B. Moss |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Multiple developmental risk factors for Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) during young adulthood have been identified. In this investigation, we examined the impact of homelessness, foster care, and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) prior to 12th grade on the development of three common SUDs during young adulthood–Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), Tobacco Use Disorder (TUD) and Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD). Our hypothesis was that while both homelessness and ACEs are significant risk factors for young adult SUDs, foster care involvement might convey protection. Methods: Using nationally representative data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, measures of ACEs were derived from the CDC-Kaiser ACE study, and DSM-V SUD diagnoses were derived from items originally based on DSM-IV. SUD diagnoses were binned into “mild”, “moderate”, and “severe” groupings. Survey-based logistic models were used to estimate risks of SUDs while controlling for demographics. Results: The results suggest that the experience of homelessness prior to 12th grade in addition to ACEs were significantly associated with the development in young adulthood of the most severe forms of AUD and TUD and all severity levels of CUD. Foster care was not associated with either risk or protection from SUDs. Conclusions: The experience of homelessness during development may be viewed as another detrimental ACE that is a risk factor for the most common SUDs in young adulthood. Given the magnitude of the current epidemic of homelessness in the U.S., these results should raise substantial concern. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T13:30:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a6ffc63d2e9e4681a3b37eaabbe5b939 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0010-440X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T13:30:40Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Comprehensive Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-a6ffc63d2e9e4681a3b37eaabbe5b9392022-12-22T01:47:00ZengElsevierComprehensive Psychiatry0010-440X2020-07-01100152175Risk for Substance Use Disorders in young adulthood: Associations with developmental experiences of homelessness, foster care, and adverse childhood experiencesHoward B. Moss0Shaokui Ge1Evan Trager2Madeline Saavedra3Margaret Yau4Ijeoma Ijeaku5Deborah Deas6University of California at Riverside School of Medicine, United States of America; Corresponding author at: University of California at Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave.|2630 SOM Education Building|, Riverside, CA 92521, United States of America.University of California at Riverside School of Medicine, United States of AmericaStanford University School of Medicine, United States of AmericaUniversity of California at Riverside School of Medicine, United States of AmericaUniversity of California at Riverside School of Medicine, United States of AmericaUniversity of California at Riverside School of Medicine, United States of AmericaUniversity of California at Riverside School of Medicine, United States of AmericaBackground: Multiple developmental risk factors for Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) during young adulthood have been identified. In this investigation, we examined the impact of homelessness, foster care, and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) prior to 12th grade on the development of three common SUDs during young adulthood–Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), Tobacco Use Disorder (TUD) and Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD). Our hypothesis was that while both homelessness and ACEs are significant risk factors for young adult SUDs, foster care involvement might convey protection. Methods: Using nationally representative data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, measures of ACEs were derived from the CDC-Kaiser ACE study, and DSM-V SUD diagnoses were derived from items originally based on DSM-IV. SUD diagnoses were binned into “mild”, “moderate”, and “severe” groupings. Survey-based logistic models were used to estimate risks of SUDs while controlling for demographics. Results: The results suggest that the experience of homelessness prior to 12th grade in addition to ACEs were significantly associated with the development in young adulthood of the most severe forms of AUD and TUD and all severity levels of CUD. Foster care was not associated with either risk or protection from SUDs. Conclusions: The experience of homelessness during development may be viewed as another detrimental ACE that is a risk factor for the most common SUDs in young adulthood. Given the magnitude of the current epidemic of homelessness in the U.S., these results should raise substantial concern.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X20300171Substance Use DisordersHomelessnessFoster careAdverse childhood experiencesAlcohol Use DisorderTobacco Use Disorder |
| spellingShingle | Howard B. Moss Shaokui Ge Evan Trager Madeline Saavedra Margaret Yau Ijeoma Ijeaku Deborah Deas Risk for Substance Use Disorders in young adulthood: Associations with developmental experiences of homelessness, foster care, and adverse childhood experiences Comprehensive Psychiatry Substance Use Disorders Homelessness Foster care Adverse childhood experiences Alcohol Use Disorder Tobacco Use Disorder |
| title | Risk for Substance Use Disorders in young adulthood: Associations with developmental experiences of homelessness, foster care, and adverse childhood experiences |
| title_full | Risk for Substance Use Disorders in young adulthood: Associations with developmental experiences of homelessness, foster care, and adverse childhood experiences |
| title_fullStr | Risk for Substance Use Disorders in young adulthood: Associations with developmental experiences of homelessness, foster care, and adverse childhood experiences |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk for Substance Use Disorders in young adulthood: Associations with developmental experiences of homelessness, foster care, and adverse childhood experiences |
| title_short | Risk for Substance Use Disorders in young adulthood: Associations with developmental experiences of homelessness, foster care, and adverse childhood experiences |
| title_sort | risk for substance use disorders in young adulthood associations with developmental experiences of homelessness foster care and adverse childhood experiences |
| topic | Substance Use Disorders Homelessness Foster care Adverse childhood experiences Alcohol Use Disorder Tobacco Use Disorder |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X20300171 |
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