The Cytoprotective Effects of Baicalein on H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-Induced ROS by Maintaining Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Cellular Tight Junction in HaCaT Keratinocytes
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) promote oxidative stress, which directly causes molecular damage and disrupts cellular homeostasis, leading to skin aging. Baicalein, a flavonoid compound isolated from the root of <i>Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi</i> has antioxidant, anticancer, anti-infla...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/4/902 |
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| author | Gyeonghyeon Kim Dong-Wook Han Jong Hun Lee |
| author_facet | Gyeonghyeon Kim Dong-Wook Han Jong Hun Lee |
| author_sort | Gyeonghyeon Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Reactive oxygen species (ROS) promote oxidative stress, which directly causes molecular damage and disrupts cellular homeostasis, leading to skin aging. Baicalein, a flavonoid compound isolated from the root of <i>Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi</i> has antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and other medicinal properties. We aimed to investigate the protective effect of baicalein on the disruption of tight junctions and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT keratinocytes. The cells were pretreated with 20 and 40 µM baicalein followed by treatment with 500 µM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. The results revealed that baicalein exerted antioxidant effects by reducing intracellular ROS production. Baicalein attenuated the degradation of the ECM (MMP-1 and Col1A1) and the disruption of tight junctions (ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-4). In addition, baicalein prevented mitochondrial dysfunction (PGC-1<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, PINK1, and Parkin) and restored mitochondrial respiration. Furthermore, baicalein regulated the expression of antioxidant enzymes, including NQO-1 and HO-1, via the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Our data suggest that the cytoprotective effects of baicalein against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced oxidative stress may be mediated through the Nrf2/NQO-1/HO-1 signaling pathway. In conclusion, baicalein exerts potent antioxidant effects against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT keratinocytes by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and cellular tight junctions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:18:13Z |
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| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:18:13Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
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| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-a704fbb2e83343c6a37ec3e2f4c6e6bd2023-11-17T18:06:00ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212023-04-0112490210.3390/antiox12040902The Cytoprotective Effects of Baicalein on H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-Induced ROS by Maintaining Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Cellular Tight Junction in HaCaT KeratinocytesGyeonghyeon Kim0Dong-Wook Han1Jong Hun Lee2Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of KoreaReactive oxygen species (ROS) promote oxidative stress, which directly causes molecular damage and disrupts cellular homeostasis, leading to skin aging. Baicalein, a flavonoid compound isolated from the root of <i>Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi</i> has antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and other medicinal properties. We aimed to investigate the protective effect of baicalein on the disruption of tight junctions and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT keratinocytes. The cells were pretreated with 20 and 40 µM baicalein followed by treatment with 500 µM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. The results revealed that baicalein exerted antioxidant effects by reducing intracellular ROS production. Baicalein attenuated the degradation of the ECM (MMP-1 and Col1A1) and the disruption of tight junctions (ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-4). In addition, baicalein prevented mitochondrial dysfunction (PGC-1<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, PINK1, and Parkin) and restored mitochondrial respiration. Furthermore, baicalein regulated the expression of antioxidant enzymes, including NQO-1 and HO-1, via the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Our data suggest that the cytoprotective effects of baicalein against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced oxidative stress may be mediated through the Nrf2/NQO-1/HO-1 signaling pathway. In conclusion, baicalein exerts potent antioxidant effects against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT keratinocytes by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and cellular tight junctions.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/4/902baicaleinantioxidantstight junctionmitochondrial homeostasisNrf2/NQO-1/HO-1 pathwayHaCaT keratinocytes |
| spellingShingle | Gyeonghyeon Kim Dong-Wook Han Jong Hun Lee The Cytoprotective Effects of Baicalein on H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-Induced ROS by Maintaining Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Cellular Tight Junction in HaCaT Keratinocytes Antioxidants baicalein antioxidants tight junction mitochondrial homeostasis Nrf2/NQO-1/HO-1 pathway HaCaT keratinocytes |
| title | The Cytoprotective Effects of Baicalein on H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-Induced ROS by Maintaining Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Cellular Tight Junction in HaCaT Keratinocytes |
| title_full | The Cytoprotective Effects of Baicalein on H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-Induced ROS by Maintaining Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Cellular Tight Junction in HaCaT Keratinocytes |
| title_fullStr | The Cytoprotective Effects of Baicalein on H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-Induced ROS by Maintaining Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Cellular Tight Junction in HaCaT Keratinocytes |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Cytoprotective Effects of Baicalein on H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-Induced ROS by Maintaining Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Cellular Tight Junction in HaCaT Keratinocytes |
| title_short | The Cytoprotective Effects of Baicalein on H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-Induced ROS by Maintaining Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Cellular Tight Junction in HaCaT Keratinocytes |
| title_sort | cytoprotective effects of baicalein on h sub 2 sub o sub 2 sub induced ros by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and cellular tight junction in hacat keratinocytes |
| topic | baicalein antioxidants tight junction mitochondrial homeostasis Nrf2/NQO-1/HO-1 pathway HaCaT keratinocytes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/4/902 |
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