The Who, When, Why, and How of PET Amyloid Imaging in Management of Alzheimer’s Disease—Review of Literature and Interesting Images
Amyloid imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) has an emerging role in the management of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The basis of this imaging is grounded on the fact that the hallmark of AD is the histological detection of beta amyloid plaques (Aβ) at post mortem autopsy....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-06-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/9/2/65 |
| _version_ | 1811298358275342336 |
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| author | Subapriya Suppiah Mellanie-Anne Didier Sobhan Vinjamuri |
| author_facet | Subapriya Suppiah Mellanie-Anne Didier Sobhan Vinjamuri |
| author_sort | Subapriya Suppiah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Amyloid imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) has an emerging role in the management of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The basis of this imaging is grounded on the fact that the hallmark of AD is the histological detection of beta amyloid plaques (Aβ) at post mortem autopsy. Currently, there are three FDA approved amyloid radiotracers used in clinical practice. This review aims to take the readers through the array of various indications for performing amyloid PET imaging in the management of AD, particularly using 18F-labelled radiopharmaceuticals. We elaborate on PET amyloid scan interpretation techniques, their limitations and potential improved specificity provided by interpretation done in tandem with genetic data such as apolipiprotein E (APO) 4 carrier status in sporadic cases and molecular information (e.g., cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) amyloid levels). We also describe the quantification methods such as the standard uptake value ratio (SUVr) method that utilizes various cutoff points for improved accuracy of diagnosing AD, such as a threshold of 1.122 (area under the curve 0.894), which has a sensitivity of 92.3% and specificity of 90.5%, whereas the cutoff points may be higher in APOE ε4 carriers (1.489) compared to non-carriers (1.313). Additionally, recommendations for future developments in this field are also provided. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:18:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a709f01c37a64164b15e86d3ba5a5557 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:18:18Z |
| publishDate | 2019-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-a709f01c37a64164b15e86d3ba5a55572022-12-22T02:58:44ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182019-06-01926510.3390/diagnostics9020065diagnostics9020065The Who, When, Why, and How of PET Amyloid Imaging in Management of Alzheimer’s Disease—Review of Literature and Interesting ImagesSubapriya Suppiah0Mellanie-Anne Didier1Sobhan Vinjamuri2Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaThe Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trusts, Prescot St, Liverpool L7 8XP, UKThe Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trusts, Prescot St, Liverpool L7 8XP, UKAmyloid imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) has an emerging role in the management of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The basis of this imaging is grounded on the fact that the hallmark of AD is the histological detection of beta amyloid plaques (Aβ) at post mortem autopsy. Currently, there are three FDA approved amyloid radiotracers used in clinical practice. This review aims to take the readers through the array of various indications for performing amyloid PET imaging in the management of AD, particularly using 18F-labelled radiopharmaceuticals. We elaborate on PET amyloid scan interpretation techniques, their limitations and potential improved specificity provided by interpretation done in tandem with genetic data such as apolipiprotein E (APO) 4 carrier status in sporadic cases and molecular information (e.g., cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) amyloid levels). We also describe the quantification methods such as the standard uptake value ratio (SUVr) method that utilizes various cutoff points for improved accuracy of diagnosing AD, such as a threshold of 1.122 (area under the curve 0.894), which has a sensitivity of 92.3% and specificity of 90.5%, whereas the cutoff points may be higher in APOE ε4 carriers (1.489) compared to non-carriers (1.313). Additionally, recommendations for future developments in this field are also provided.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/9/2/65Alzheimer’s diseasediagnostic imagingmolecular imagingprecision medicinequantificationnuclear medicine<sup>18</sup>F-FDGPETneurocognitive disorder |
| spellingShingle | Subapriya Suppiah Mellanie-Anne Didier Sobhan Vinjamuri The Who, When, Why, and How of PET Amyloid Imaging in Management of Alzheimer’s Disease—Review of Literature and Interesting Images Diagnostics Alzheimer’s disease diagnostic imaging molecular imaging precision medicine quantification nuclear medicine <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET neurocognitive disorder |
| title | The Who, When, Why, and How of PET Amyloid Imaging in Management of Alzheimer’s Disease—Review of Literature and Interesting Images |
| title_full | The Who, When, Why, and How of PET Amyloid Imaging in Management of Alzheimer’s Disease—Review of Literature and Interesting Images |
| title_fullStr | The Who, When, Why, and How of PET Amyloid Imaging in Management of Alzheimer’s Disease—Review of Literature and Interesting Images |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Who, When, Why, and How of PET Amyloid Imaging in Management of Alzheimer’s Disease—Review of Literature and Interesting Images |
| title_short | The Who, When, Why, and How of PET Amyloid Imaging in Management of Alzheimer’s Disease—Review of Literature and Interesting Images |
| title_sort | who when why and how of pet amyloid imaging in management of alzheimer s disease review of literature and interesting images |
| topic | Alzheimer’s disease diagnostic imaging molecular imaging precision medicine quantification nuclear medicine <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET neurocognitive disorder |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/9/2/65 |
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