Isolation and characterization of a novel choline degrading Citrobacter amalonaticus strain from the human gut
Gut microbiota metabolism can have profound effects on human health. Choline, a quaternary amine (QA) highly abundant in our diet, is canonically cleaved by a glycyl radical enzyme, choline trimethylamine lyase (CutC), and its SAM-dependent radical activator, CutD. CutC cleaves choline to form trime...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Current Research in Microbial Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666517422000542 |
| _version_ | 1811178528550420480 |
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| author | Jyoti Kashyap Jeffery R. Ringiesn Nathan Schwab Donald J. Ferguson, Jr. |
| author_facet | Jyoti Kashyap Jeffery R. Ringiesn Nathan Schwab Donald J. Ferguson, Jr. |
| author_sort | Jyoti Kashyap |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gut microbiota metabolism can have profound effects on human health. Choline, a quaternary amine (QA) highly abundant in our diet, is canonically cleaved by a glycyl radical enzyme, choline trimethylamine lyase (CutC), and its SAM-dependent radical activator, CutD. CutC cleaves choline to form trimethylamine (TMA) and acetaldehyde. TMA is oxidized to TMAO by FMO3 in the liver, which plays a role in causing atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that alternative pathways for choline degradation occur within gut microbes and that certain gut microbiota can anaerobically respire or ferment QAs, such as choline. Based on this prediction we established QA-supplemented enrichment cultures using fecal material from healthy volunteers as the inocula. We have isolated, from a choline-supplemented enrichment of a human fecal sample, a strain of Citrobacter amalonaticus, that we have designated CJ25. This strain is capable of anaerobically utilizing choline as its sole carbon and energy source. Its genome does not contain the cutCD genes or genes encoding any COG5598 methyltransferases. We have confirmed the degradation of choline and production of acetate by the organism during growth of the strain. However, we used multiple analytical methods to confirm that no TMA accumulated in the medium during growth. Hence, strain CJ25 is a unique bacterium that degrades choline without the production of the proatherogenic metabolite TMA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T06:20:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a70b5053cb2742eb8698ec0b8701af01 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-5174 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T06:20:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Current Research in Microbial Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a70b5053cb2742eb8698ec0b8701af012022-12-22T04:40:36ZengElsevierCurrent Research in Microbial Sciences2666-51742022-01-013100157Isolation and characterization of a novel choline degrading Citrobacter amalonaticus strain from the human gutJyoti Kashyap0Jeffery R. Ringiesn1Nathan Schwab2Donald J. Ferguson, Jr.3Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, United StatesMiami University, Oxford, OH 45056, United StatesMiami University, Oxford, OH 45056, United StatesMiami University, Oxford, OH 45056, United States; Miami University, Hamilton, OH, United States; Corresponding author.Gut microbiota metabolism can have profound effects on human health. Choline, a quaternary amine (QA) highly abundant in our diet, is canonically cleaved by a glycyl radical enzyme, choline trimethylamine lyase (CutC), and its SAM-dependent radical activator, CutD. CutC cleaves choline to form trimethylamine (TMA) and acetaldehyde. TMA is oxidized to TMAO by FMO3 in the liver, which plays a role in causing atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that alternative pathways for choline degradation occur within gut microbes and that certain gut microbiota can anaerobically respire or ferment QAs, such as choline. Based on this prediction we established QA-supplemented enrichment cultures using fecal material from healthy volunteers as the inocula. We have isolated, from a choline-supplemented enrichment of a human fecal sample, a strain of Citrobacter amalonaticus, that we have designated CJ25. This strain is capable of anaerobically utilizing choline as its sole carbon and energy source. Its genome does not contain the cutCD genes or genes encoding any COG5598 methyltransferases. We have confirmed the degradation of choline and production of acetate by the organism during growth of the strain. However, we used multiple analytical methods to confirm that no TMA accumulated in the medium during growth. Hence, strain CJ25 is a unique bacterium that degrades choline without the production of the proatherogenic metabolite TMA.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666517422000542CholineQuaternary amineAnaerobic culturingTrimethylamineGut microbiomePyruvate-formate lyase |
| spellingShingle | Jyoti Kashyap Jeffery R. Ringiesn Nathan Schwab Donald J. Ferguson, Jr. Isolation and characterization of a novel choline degrading Citrobacter amalonaticus strain from the human gut Current Research in Microbial Sciences Choline Quaternary amine Anaerobic culturing Trimethylamine Gut microbiome Pyruvate-formate lyase |
| title | Isolation and characterization of a novel choline degrading Citrobacter amalonaticus strain from the human gut |
| title_full | Isolation and characterization of a novel choline degrading Citrobacter amalonaticus strain from the human gut |
| title_fullStr | Isolation and characterization of a novel choline degrading Citrobacter amalonaticus strain from the human gut |
| title_full_unstemmed | Isolation and characterization of a novel choline degrading Citrobacter amalonaticus strain from the human gut |
| title_short | Isolation and characterization of a novel choline degrading Citrobacter amalonaticus strain from the human gut |
| title_sort | isolation and characterization of a novel choline degrading citrobacter amalonaticus strain from the human gut |
| topic | Choline Quaternary amine Anaerobic culturing Trimethylamine Gut microbiome Pyruvate-formate lyase |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666517422000542 |
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