| Summary: | <i>Broussonetia papyrifera</i> (<i>B.papyrifera</i>), belonging to the Moraceae family, is known to elicit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, anticancer, antinociceptive, and antimicrobial effects. The present study has been designed to examine the effects of <i>B. papyrifera</i> extract on hair growth through in vitro and clinical samples. Real-time cell growth assay, T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor (TCF/LEF), activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-6(STAT6) and STAT3 reporter gene function, and Western blotting was performed to examine whether <i>B. papyrifera</i> regulates the expression of target proteins implicated in the proliferation of human hair follicle dermal papilla (hHFDP) cells. In this human trial, using a phototrichogram, the effect of <i>B. papyrifera</i> on hair growth was examined by reconstitution analysis after shaving the hair of the clinical subject’s dorsal skin. <i>B. papyrifera</i> promoted growth equally in hHFDP cells, which is comparable to that of minoxidil and tofacitinib. Treatment with <i>B. papyrifera</i> extract enhanced the TCF/LEF-luciferase activity and increased the level of β-catenin protein. Moreover, <i>B. papyrifera</i> extract significantly suppressed interleukin-4 (IL4)-induced STAT6 phosphorylation. In clinical trial, using a phototrichogram, we assessed the hair density and total hair counts at 0, 6, and 12 weeks after the use of hair tonic containing <i>B. papyrifera</i> extract. After using the hair tonic for 12 weeks, the total hair count was significantly increased as compared with the subjects at the start date (n = 11). <i>B. papyrifera</i> promotes dermal papilla cells proliferation in vitro and clinically among human volunteers through the regulation of WNT-β-catenin and STAT6 pathways.
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