Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus on Sodium and Chloride Ion Channels of <i>Casuarina glauca</i> under Salt Stress
<i>Casuarina glauca</i> is an important coastal protection forest species, which is exposed to high salt stress all year round. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can promote the growth and salt tolerance of <i>C</i>. <i>glauca</i> under salt stress. However, the...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3680 |
| Summary: | <i>Casuarina glauca</i> is an important coastal protection forest species, which is exposed to high salt stress all year round. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can promote the growth and salt tolerance of <i>C</i>. <i>glauca</i> under salt stress. However, the effects of AMF on the distribution of Na<sup>+</sup> and Cl<sup>−</sup> and the expression of related genes in <i>C</i>. <i>glauca</i> under salt stress need to be further explored. This study explored the effects of <i>Rhizophagus irregularis</i> on plant biomass, the distribution of Na<sup>+</sup> and Cl<sup>−</sup>, and the expression of related genes in <i>C</i>. <i>glauca</i> under NaCl stress through pot simulation experiments. The results revealed that the mechanisms of Na<sup>+</sup> and Cl<sup>−</sup> transport of <i>C. glauca</i> under NaCl stress were different. <i>C. glauca</i> took a salt accumulation approach to Na<sup>+</sup>, transferring Na<sup>+</sup> from roots to shoots. Salt accumulation of Na<sup>+</sup> promoted by AMF was associated with <i>CgNHX7</i>. The transport mechanism of <i>C. glauca</i> to Cl<sup>−</sup> might involve salt exclusion rather than salt accumulation, and Cl<sup>−</sup> was no longer transferred to shoots in large quantities but started to accumulate in roots. However, AMF alleviated Na<sup>+</sup> and Cl<sup>−</sup> stress by similar mechanisms. AMF could promote salt dilution of <i>C. glauca</i> by increasing biomass and the content of K<sup>+</sup>, compartmentalizing Na<sup>+</sup> and Cl<sup>−</sup> in vacuoles. These processes were associated with the expression of <i>CgNHX1</i>, <i>CgNHX2-1</i>, <i>CgCLCD</i>, <i>CgCLCF</i>, and <i>CgCLCG.</i> Our study will provide a theoretical basis for the application of AMF to improve salt tolerance in plants. |
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| ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |