Know when to fold ‘em: Polycomb complexes in oncogenic 3D genome regulation
Chromatin is spatially and temporally regulated through a series of orchestrated processes resulting in the formation of 3D chromatin structures such as topologically associating domains (TADs), loops and Polycomb Bodies. These structures are closely linked to transcriptional regulation, with loss o...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.986319/full |
| _version_ | 1828437130701963264 |
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| author | Emma J. Doyle Lluis Morey Lluis Morey Eric Conway Eric Conway |
| author_facet | Emma J. Doyle Lluis Morey Lluis Morey Eric Conway Eric Conway |
| author_sort | Emma J. Doyle |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chromatin is spatially and temporally regulated through a series of orchestrated processes resulting in the formation of 3D chromatin structures such as topologically associating domains (TADs), loops and Polycomb Bodies. These structures are closely linked to transcriptional regulation, with loss of control of these processes a frequent feature of cancer and developmental syndromes. One such oncogenic disruption of the 3D genome is through recurrent dysregulation of Polycomb Group Complex (PcG) functions either through genetic mutations, amplification or deletion of genes that encode for PcG proteins. PcG complexes are evolutionarily conserved epigenetic complexes. They are key for early development and are essential transcriptional repressors. PcG complexes include PRC1, PRC2 and PR-DUB which are responsible for the control of the histone modifications H2AK119ub1 and H3K27me3. The spatial distribution of the complexes within the nuclear environment, and their associated modifications have profound effects on the regulation of gene transcription and the 3D genome. Nevertheless, how PcG complexes regulate 3D chromatin organization is still poorly understood. Here we glean insights into the role of PcG complexes in 3D genome regulation and compaction, how these processes go awry during tumorigenesis and the therapeutic implications that result from our insights into these mechanisms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T19:39:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a717e715b7734d5696544481f297bf37 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-634X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T19:39:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a717e715b7734d5696544481f297bf372022-12-22T01:36:02ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2022-08-011010.3389/fcell.2022.986319986319Know when to fold ‘em: Polycomb complexes in oncogenic 3D genome regulationEmma J. Doyle0Lluis Morey1Lluis Morey2Eric Conway3Eric Conway4School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, IrelandSylvester Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Miami, FL, United StatesDepartment of Human Genetics, Biomedical Research Building, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United StatesSchool of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, IrelandSmurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, IrelandChromatin is spatially and temporally regulated through a series of orchestrated processes resulting in the formation of 3D chromatin structures such as topologically associating domains (TADs), loops and Polycomb Bodies. These structures are closely linked to transcriptional regulation, with loss of control of these processes a frequent feature of cancer and developmental syndromes. One such oncogenic disruption of the 3D genome is through recurrent dysregulation of Polycomb Group Complex (PcG) functions either through genetic mutations, amplification or deletion of genes that encode for PcG proteins. PcG complexes are evolutionarily conserved epigenetic complexes. They are key for early development and are essential transcriptional repressors. PcG complexes include PRC1, PRC2 and PR-DUB which are responsible for the control of the histone modifications H2AK119ub1 and H3K27me3. The spatial distribution of the complexes within the nuclear environment, and their associated modifications have profound effects on the regulation of gene transcription and the 3D genome. Nevertheless, how PcG complexes regulate 3D chromatin organization is still poorly understood. Here we glean insights into the role of PcG complexes in 3D genome regulation and compaction, how these processes go awry during tumorigenesis and the therapeutic implications that result from our insights into these mechanisms.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.986319/fullPolycombH2AK119ub1H3K27me3chromatin architecturecancercompaction |
| spellingShingle | Emma J. Doyle Lluis Morey Lluis Morey Eric Conway Eric Conway Know when to fold ‘em: Polycomb complexes in oncogenic 3D genome regulation Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology Polycomb H2AK119ub1 H3K27me3 chromatin architecture cancer compaction |
| title | Know when to fold ‘em: Polycomb complexes in oncogenic 3D genome regulation |
| title_full | Know when to fold ‘em: Polycomb complexes in oncogenic 3D genome regulation |
| title_fullStr | Know when to fold ‘em: Polycomb complexes in oncogenic 3D genome regulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Know when to fold ‘em: Polycomb complexes in oncogenic 3D genome regulation |
| title_short | Know when to fold ‘em: Polycomb complexes in oncogenic 3D genome regulation |
| title_sort | know when to fold em polycomb complexes in oncogenic 3d genome regulation |
| topic | Polycomb H2AK119ub1 H3K27me3 chromatin architecture cancer compaction |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.986319/full |
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