Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D (VEGF-D): An Angiogenesis Bypass in Malignant Tumors
Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are the key regulators of vasculogenesis in normal and oncological development. VEGF-A is the most studied angiogenic factor secreted by malignant tumor cells under hypoxic and inflammatory stress, which made VEGF-A a rational target for anticancer therapy...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/17/13317 |
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| author | Syeda Mahak Zahra Bokhari Peter Hamar |
| author_facet | Syeda Mahak Zahra Bokhari Peter Hamar |
| author_sort | Syeda Mahak Zahra Bokhari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are the key regulators of vasculogenesis in normal and oncological development. VEGF-A is the most studied angiogenic factor secreted by malignant tumor cells under hypoxic and inflammatory stress, which made VEGF-A a rational target for anticancer therapy. However, inhibition of VEGF-A by monoclonal antibody drugs led to the upregulation of VEGF-D. VEGF-D was primarily described as a lymphangiogenic factor; however, VEGF-D’s blood angiogenic potential comparable to VEGF-A has already been demonstrated in glioblastoma and colorectal carcinoma. These findings suggested a role for VEGF-D in facilitating malignant tumor growth by bypassing the anti-VEGF-A antiangiogenic therapy. Owing to its high mitogenic ability, higher affinity for VEGFR-2, and higher expression in cancer, VEGF-D might even be a stronger angiogenic driver and, hence, a better therapeutic target than VEGF-A. In this review, we summarized the angiogenic role of VEGF-D in blood vasculogenesis and its targetability as an antiangiogenic therapy in cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:21:44Z |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:21:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a744381ce2454f30bb1c09701f96140f2023-11-19T08:15:30ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-08-0124171331710.3390/ijms241713317Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D (VEGF-D): An Angiogenesis Bypass in Malignant TumorsSyeda Mahak Zahra Bokhari0Peter Hamar1Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, HungaryInstitute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, HungaryVascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are the key regulators of vasculogenesis in normal and oncological development. VEGF-A is the most studied angiogenic factor secreted by malignant tumor cells under hypoxic and inflammatory stress, which made VEGF-A a rational target for anticancer therapy. However, inhibition of VEGF-A by monoclonal antibody drugs led to the upregulation of VEGF-D. VEGF-D was primarily described as a lymphangiogenic factor; however, VEGF-D’s blood angiogenic potential comparable to VEGF-A has already been demonstrated in glioblastoma and colorectal carcinoma. These findings suggested a role for VEGF-D in facilitating malignant tumor growth by bypassing the anti-VEGF-A antiangiogenic therapy. Owing to its high mitogenic ability, higher affinity for VEGFR-2, and higher expression in cancer, VEGF-D might even be a stronger angiogenic driver and, hence, a better therapeutic target than VEGF-A. In this review, we summarized the angiogenic role of VEGF-D in blood vasculogenesis and its targetability as an antiangiogenic therapy in cancer.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/17/13317VEGF-DFIGFangiogenesislymphangiogenesisgrowth factors |
| spellingShingle | Syeda Mahak Zahra Bokhari Peter Hamar Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D (VEGF-D): An Angiogenesis Bypass in Malignant Tumors International Journal of Molecular Sciences VEGF-D FIGF angiogenesis lymphangiogenesis growth factors |
| title | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D (VEGF-D): An Angiogenesis Bypass in Malignant Tumors |
| title_full | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D (VEGF-D): An Angiogenesis Bypass in Malignant Tumors |
| title_fullStr | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D (VEGF-D): An Angiogenesis Bypass in Malignant Tumors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D (VEGF-D): An Angiogenesis Bypass in Malignant Tumors |
| title_short | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D (VEGF-D): An Angiogenesis Bypass in Malignant Tumors |
| title_sort | vascular endothelial growth factor d vegf d an angiogenesis bypass in malignant tumors |
| topic | VEGF-D FIGF angiogenesis lymphangiogenesis growth factors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/17/13317 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT syedamahakzahrabokhari vascularendothelialgrowthfactordvegfdanangiogenesisbypassinmalignanttumors AT peterhamar vascularendothelialgrowthfactordvegfdanangiogenesisbypassinmalignanttumors |